The Water Cycle

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The Water Cycle
HOME
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Precipitation

• Water that has condensed in the air forms clouds
• Drops fall to Earth and accumulate in oceans and
  lakes

Back to the Water Cycle
Using Water
Evaporation
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Using Water

• Plants and animals need water to live
• Water is pulled from bodies of water or from the
  ground (groundwater)

Back to the Water Cycle
Waste
Precipitation
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Waste

• Plants and animals return water to environment
  through transpiration
• Animals return water to ground and bodies of
  water through urine

Back to the Water Cycle
Evaporation
Using Water
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Evaporation

• Water from oceans, lakes, and other bodies of
  water re-enters the atmosphere through evaporation

Back to the Water Cycle
Precipitation
Waste
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The Carbon Cycle
HOME
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Photosynthesis

• Plants use CO2 from the atmosphere to make
  high-energy carbon molecules

Respiration Gas Exchange Pollution
Back to the Carbon Cycle
Metabolism
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Metabolism

• Organisms use high energy carbon molecules for
  growth

Respiration
Back to the Carbon Cycle
Waste
Photosynthesis
Decomposition
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Respiration

• CO2 is released through aerobic respiration
  (breathing, for example)

Back to the Carbon Cycle
Metabolism Decomposition
Photosynthesis
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Waste

• Carbonates released into ground and water supply

Metabolism Photosynthesis Decomposition
Back to the Carbon Cycle
Gas Exchange
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Gas Exchange

• CO2 is exchanged between the air and water

Back to the Carbon Cycle
Photosynthesis
Waste
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Decomposition

• When organisms die and decay, the carbon
  molecules in them enter the soil.
• Microorganisms break down the molecules,
  releasing CO2

Back to the Carbon Cycle
Photosynthesis
Metabolism
Pollution
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Pollution

• Remains of dead organisms are converted into
  fossil fuels (over millions of years!)
• Combustion of fossil fuels and wood releases CO2

Back to the Carbon Cycle
Using Water
Metabolism
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The Nitrogen Cycle
HOME
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Nitrogen Fixation

• Lightning and bacteria convert atmospheric
  nitrogen into nitrates (NO3) and ammonia (NH3)

Back to the Nitrogen Cycle
Protein Production
Return to Atmosphere
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Protein Production

• Plants use nitrogen molecules to make amino acids
  

Back to the Nitrogen Cycle
Nitrogen Fixation
Conversion
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Conversion

• Consumers convert plant proteins to animal
  proteins

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Waste
Protein Production
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Waste

• Decomposers break down animal and plant matter
  into nitrogen compounds

Back to the Nitrogen Cycle
Return to Atmosphere Pollution
Conversion
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Return to Atmosphere

• Nitrogen compounds break down into gas and return
  to air

Back to the Nitrogen Cycle
Nitrogen Fixation
Waste
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Runoff

• Runoff of nitrates in fertilizers enters
  groundwater and soil

Back to the Nitrogen Cycle
Protein Production
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Pollution

• Nitrous Oxide from burning fossil fuels falls as
  Nitric Acid in rainwater

Back to the Nitrogen Cycle
Waste
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Question 1 What would happen to primary
producers and consumers if nitrogen-fixing
bacteria were removed from the ecosystem?
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Question 2 Grandma Johnson had very sentimental
feelings toward Johnson Canyon, Utah, where she
and her late husband had honeymooned long ago.
Her feelings toward this spot were such that upon
her death she requested to be buried under a
creosote bush overlooking the canyon. Trace
the path of a CARBON atom from Grandma Johnsons
remains to where it could become part of a hawk.
Note A hawk is a carnivore, but it did NOT dig
up and consume Grandma Johnsons remains!!!