Artificial System of Plant Classification - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Artificial System of Plant Classification

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serve as bridal beds which the Creator has so gloriously ... and wife have the same bed) [Hermaphrodite flowers: stamens and pistils in the same flower] ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Artificial System of Plant Classification


1
Artificial System of Plant Classification
  • Carl Linnaeus
  • Born in Sweden (1707-1778)
  • Father of Taxonomy

2
Taxonomy
  • Taxonomy based on reproductive organs.
  • Class determined by Stamen
  • Order by Pistils
  • Problems
  • Controversial
  • The flowers' leaves. . . serve as bridal beds
    which the Creator has so gloriously arranged,
    adorned with such noble bed curtains, and
    perfumed with so many soft scents that the
    bridegroom with his bride might there celebrate
    their nuptials with so much the greater
    solemnity. . .

3
Before Linnaeus
  • Naming practices varied

For instance, the common wild briar rose
Rosa sylvestris inodora seu canina and Rosa
sylvestris alba cum rubore, folio glabro
4
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5
Artificial vs. Natural
  • Artificial taxonomy was a system of grouping
    unrelated plant species by a common criteria
    (i.e. a flowers sexual organs)
  • Natural classification reflects evolutionary
    relationships

6
Artificial System of Plant Classification
  • Carl Linnaeus

7
Carl Linnaeus
  • Born May 22, 1707 in Råshult, Sweden.
  • Father was botanist/naturalist
  • Attended Univ. of Lund and Univ. of Uppsala
  • Traveled to Lapland (Blue Lake, CA) and collected
    537 plant specimens
  • Married Sara Moraea in 1739
  • Opened own medical practice specializing in
    venereal diseases
  • Became professor at Uppsala
  • Produced his sexual system of classification
    (Artificial classification)
  • Invented binomial nomenclature

8
What is Artificial Plant Classification
  • Method of classifying plants based on a limited
    number of their physical and sexual
    characteristics

9
Basics
  • Sexual system
  • Divided plants into 24 classes
  • Classes based largely on the amount, union and
    length of stamens

10
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11
  • Linnaeus' classification system for plants (I)
    Public Marriages (Flowers visible to everyone)
  • Monoclinous (Husband and wife have the same bed)
    Hermaphrodite flowers stamens and pistils in
    the same flower
  • Without Affinity (Husbands not related to each
    other) stamens not united by any of their parts
  • Without Subordination (All the males of equal
    rank) stamens not in set proportion
  • Monandria - One husband in marriage
  • Diandria - Two husbands in the same marriage
  • Triandria - Three husbands in the same marriage
  • Tetrandria - Four husbands in the same marriage
  • Pentandria - Five husbands in the same marriage
  • Hexandria - Six husbands in the same marriage
  • Heptandria - Seven husbands in the same marriage
  • Octandria - Eight husbands in the same marriage
  • Enneandria - Nine husbands in the same marriage
  • Decandria - Ten husbands in the same marriage
  • Dodecandria - Twelve to nineteen husbands in the
    same marriage
  • Icosandria - Generally twenty husbands, often
    more
  • Polyandria - Twenty males or more in the same
    marriage
  • With Subordination (Some males above the others)
    Two stamens always shorter
  • Didynamia - Four husbands, two taller than the
    other two
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