Operating Systems

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Chapter 7
Operating Systems ???? (??????)
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OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, the reader should be
able to
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Figure 7-1
Computer System
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7.1
DEFINITION
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Note
An operating system is an interface between the
hardware of a computer and the user (program or
human) that facilitates the execution of the
other programs and the access to hardware and
software resources.
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EVOLUTION Batch systems Time-sharing
systems Personal systems Parallel
systems Distributed systems
7.2
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7.3
COMPONENTS
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Figure 7-2
Components of an operating system
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Figure 7-3
Monoprogramming
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Figure 7-4
Multiprogramming
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Figure 7-5
Categories of multiprogramming
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Figure 7-6
Partitioning
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Figure 7-7
Paging
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Figure 7-8
Virtual memory
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State diagram with the boundaries between a
program, a job, and a process
Figure 7-9
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Figure 7-10
Job scheduler
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Figure 7-11
Process scheduler
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Figure 7-12
Queues for process management
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Figure 7-13
Deadlock
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Figure 7-14
Deadlock on a bridge
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Note
Deadlock occurs when the operatingsystem does
not put resource restrictionson processes.
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Figure 7-15.a
Starvation
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Figure 7-15.b
Starvation
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Figure 7-15.c
Starvation
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Figure 7-16
Dining philosophers
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7.4
POPULAR OPERATING SYSTEMS Unix Linux Windows