The Pantheon of Greek Gods and Goddesses

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The Pantheon of Greek Gods and Goddesses
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Zeus

• The supreme ruler of Mt. Olympus King of the
  Gods
• Name in Greek means bright
• Latin name is Jupiter
• Symbols are lightning and the eagle
• Married to Hera, but has many other wives,
  mistresses, and children

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Hera

• The queen of Olympus
• Wife and sister of Zeus
• Known for her jealousy of Zeus other wives and
  mistresses she punished them and their children
  with great fury
• Latin name is Juno
• Town goddess of Argos
• Her symbols are the peacock, the cow, the crow,
  and the pomegranate

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Apollo

• Son of Zeus and Leto twin brother of Artemis
• Latin name is Apollo
• God of the sun, music, prophecy, archery, poetry,
  dance, and intellectual inquiry
• Plays the lyre and carries bow and arrows
• Was worshipped at the Oracle of Delphi

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Artemis

• Daughter of Zeus and Leto twin sister of Apollo
• Latin name is Diana
• Goddess of wilderness, the hunt, wild animals,
  and fertility
• Often associated with the moon
• Eternal virginity

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Aphrodite

• Goddess of love and beauty
• Born from the foam of the sea claimed as a
  daughter of Zeus
• Married to Hephaestus, the smith god
• Latin name is Venus
• The word aphrodisiac (meaning to make romantic)
  comes from her

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Ares

• God of war and battle instigator of violence
• Son of Zeus and Hera disliked even by his father
  for his cruelty
• Known for being merciless and blood-thirsty, but
  also cowardly
• Loved Aphrodite
• Latin name is Mars

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Athena

• Goddess of wisdom, war, the arts, and justice
• Sprung fully grown from the head of Zeus her
  mother was Metis
• She gave the city of Athens the gift of the olive
  tree and they named the city for her
• Symbol is the owl
• Latin name is Minerva

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Demeter

• Sister of Zeus
• Goddess of agriculture taught humans the arts of
  sowing and farming also goddess of marriage
• Mother of Persephone reason for the change of
  seasons on Earth
• Latin name is Ceres

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Dionysus

• God of wine, agriculture, fertility of nature,
  and the stage
• Son of Zeus and Semele
• Zeus killed his mother and Dionysus was born from
  Zeuss thigh
• Latin name is Bacchus

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Hephaestus

• God of fire, forge, and volcanoes, and the patron
  of all craftsmen, especially those who worked
  with metals
• Created the thrones for the pantheon
• Son of Hera, husband of Aphrodite
• Lame and ugly
• Latin name is Vulcan

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Hermes

• Son of Zeus and Maia
• God of dreams and sleep
• Messenger (herald) of the gods
• Depicted with a winged hat and sandals and
  carries a golden staff
• Credited with inventing foot racing and boxing
• Crafty and tricky
• Guided the souls of the dead to the underworld
• Latin name is Mercury

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Poseidon

• God of the sea, earthquakes, and horses
• Brother of Zeus and Hades
• Lived in the ocean in a palace made of coral and
  gems
• Sailors worshipped him
• Uses his power to inflict fear in humans
• Latin name is Neptune

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Hades

• God of the underworld, rules the dead
• Brother of Zeus and Poseidon
• Resides in the underworld (does not have a throne
  on Olympusnot part of the pantheon)
• Possesses the riches of earth
• Latin name is Pluto

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Review Quiz

• Who is the god of war?
• Who is the wife of Zeus?
• Who is the messenger of the gods?
• Who is married to Aphrodite?
• Who rules the sea?