UCLV, Santa Clara, March 2003

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Modern Aspects in Software Engineering2. SE
Life CycleProf. Dr.-Ing. habil. Reiner
DumkeOtto-von-Guericke-Universität
MagdeburgFakultät für Informatik, Institut für
Verteilte SystemeAG Softwaretechnikhttp//ivs.cs
.uni-magdeburg.de/sw-eng/agruppe/
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Software Engineering Life Cycle

• Life
• Birth Project Idea
• Education Development Phases
• Living Operation based on Maintenance
• Death only Replacement

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SE Life Cycle Development Phases

• Problem definition product idea, definition of
  the requirements
• Requirement analysis proof of the feasability,
  consistency etc.
• Specification modelling of the functional
  product characteristics
• Design considering the platform aspects
  constraints
• Implementation program development test
• Field test test in practice

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SE Life Cycle General Characteristics
Theory Practice
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SE Life Cycle General Characteristics
Validation
Verification
User/Customer
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SE Life Cycle Forward/Backward
Backward Development
Forward Development
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SE Life Cycle Problem Definition

• Requirements
• functional
• performance
• reliability
• security
• safety
• quality
• portability
• GUI
• usability
• . . .

• functional requirements
• quality requirements
• platform requirements
• process requirements

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SE Life Cycle Problem Definition

• Exercises
• Program for personnel finances
• Program for sports finish estimation
• Program for concurrent whiteboard use
• Program for natural language translation

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SE Life Cycle Problem Definition

• Requirement
• aspects
• Constraints
• Boundary
• Scope
• Preferences

• PD Supports
• Domain dictionary
• Laws
• Standards
• Statistics
• Trend Analysis

• PD Methods
• Brainstorming
• Negotiation
• Expertises
• Analogies

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SE Life Cycle Requirement Analysis

• Requirements should be
• correct
• consistent
• complete
• realistic
• needed by the customer
• verifiable
• traceable

• Requirements are
• explicit vs implicit
• undependend vs dependend
• objective vs subjective
• extern vs intern
• measurable vs estimated

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SE Life Cycle Requirement Analysis

• RE Goals
• Correctness
• Completeness
• Conformity
• Consistency
• Feasibility

• RE Methods
• Thesaurus analysis
• Expertises
• Analogies
• Interviews

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SE Life Cycle Specification
Spec Modelling of the functional requirements
into an appropriate model based
on a data dictionary

• Model examples
• Functional model
• Data model
• Event model
• Transaction model
• State model
• Interaction model
• etc.

• Spec approaches
• formal
• informal (by diagrams)

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SE Life Cycle Specification
Formal modelling in Z
Birthdays known P NAME birthday NAME
?? DATE known dom birthday
AddBirthday ? Birthdays name? NAME
date? DATE ? i 1..pos ? name? ? names(i)
pos' pos 1 names' names ? pos' ? name?
dates' dates ? pos' ? date?
FindBirthday ? Birthdays name? NAME
date! DATE name? ? known date! birthday
(name?)
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SE Life Cycle Specification
Data flow diagram Process Connection Object
Narrow operations and or
nor Data basis

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SE Life Cycle Specification
Entity relationship diagram Entity Connection
Relationship

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SE Life Cycle Specification
State diagram State Transition Start Stop
constraint Edges evaluation
transaction activity

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SE Life Cycle Specification
Petri net diagram Object state Transition Con
nection Marking

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SE Life Cycle Specification
Activity diagram Activity Object Selection Sy
nchronization Splitting Start Stop

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SE Life Cycle Specification
Sequence diagram Object Time
line Actions Message Recursion


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SE Life Cycle Specification

• Complexity
• Problem complexity (S, P, E systems)
• Development complexity
• Computational complexity
• Platform complexity

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SE Life Cycle Specification

• Data Dictionary / Repository
• identification
• name
• description
• meta data (type, definition, values etc.)

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SE Life Cycle Design
Software Design Model
Considering the platform requirements
Architecture
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SE Life Cycle Design
Component diagram
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SE Life Cycle Design
Deployment diagram
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SE Life Cycle Design

• Components
• COTS vs development
• Acquisition
• Configuration (management)
• Coupling vs Cohesion

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SE Life Cycle Design
Design approaches
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SE Life Cycle Design

• Design decisions
• Program descriptions (Pseudo code, Structure
• diasgrams etc)
• Programming techniques
• Programming conventions
• Development paradigm

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SE Life Cycle Implementation

• Implementations phases
• Coding
• Unit test
• Integration test
• Installation
• Considering the quality requirements

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SE Life Cycle Implementation

• Unit test
• static methods
• Check lists / Reviews
• Program verification
• Symbolic execution
• dynamic methods
• Black box test
• White box test

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SE Life Cycle Implementation
Integration tests (1) Basis Architecture
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SE Life Cycle Implementation
Integration tests (2) Big bang integration test
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SE Life Cycle Implementation
Integration tests (3) Top down integration test
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SE Life Cycle Implementation
Integration tests (4) Sandwich integration test
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SE Life Cycle Implementation

• Implementation results
• Development documentation
• Installation Guide
• Acceptance test description
• Application guide
• Maintenance guide

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SE Life Cycle Field test

• Field test - Acceptance test
• alpha, beta, gamma test
• in-house vs outside beta test
• trouble reports

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SE Life Cycle Maintenance

• Maintenance activities
• extension
• correction
• adaptation
• perfection
• prevention

• Maintenance (ISO 9126)
• Analysability
• Changeability
• Stability
• Testability

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SE Life Cycle Operation

• Activities
• Delivering
• Operation
• Changing
• Migration
• Replacement

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SE Life Cycle Models
Sequential models Waterfall model
V model
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SE Life Cycle Models
Cyclic models Incremental model
spiral model
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Questions, Remarks !!!