SubSaharan Africa: Response status and Lessons Learned

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Sub-Saharan Africa Response status and Lessons
Learned
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Overview
Progress reporting National planning
update Resource mobilisation Lessons learned
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Rates of orphaning in sub-Saharan Africa are
highest in central and southern Africa
Percent of children orphaned in Sub-Saharan
Africa, 1995 and 2003
1995
2003
These maps do not reflect a position by UNICEF on
the legal status of any country or territory or
the delineation of any frontiers.
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Progress Report

• Bi-annual snapshot of the situation
• Advocacy tool
• Built around 15 indicators
• Three assessment levels green, yellow, red
• Three trend categories improving, static and
  declining
• Indicate gaps in information
• More frequent, less formal updates to the Report
  encouraged

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Indicators

• Indicator areas
• Policies and strategies (OVC Effort index)
• Education
• Health
• Nutrition
• Psychosocial support
• Household capacity
• Community capacity
• Resources
• Protection/ stigma
• Institutional care and shelter

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Indicative findings

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Responding in sub-Saharan Africa the National
Plans of Action for OVC

• Overall goal of NPAs the achievement of a
  scaled-up, region-wide response to the problems
  faced by orphans and vulnerable children due to
  the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
• Fulfilment of the UN Declaration of Commitment on
  HIV/AIDS (2001)
• Implementation of the Global Framework for the
  Protection care and support of orphans and
  children living in a world with AIDS (2004)
• Contribution to MDGs poverty reduction, health
  improvement, education

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National Plans of Action

• 16 countries involved in 2004 Zambia, Zimbabwe,
  Malawi, Lesotho, Swaziland, Namibia, Mozambique,
  South Africa, Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania,
  Ethiopia, Nigeria, Cote DIvoire, Central African
  Republic.
• 11 countries initiated in 2005 Botswana,
  Burundi, Somalia, Madagascar, Angola, Eritrea,
  Southern Sudan, Djibouti, Burkina Faso, Ghana,
  DRC

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Conclusions from an external evaluation of the
RAAAP exercise (UK Consortium)

• RAAAP an opportunity to (1) identify, build
  relationships between and develop the capacities
  of stakeholders (2) broaden and deepen the
  understanding of the OVC issues and contextual
  factors
• RAAAP has raised the profile of OVC issues with
  both governments and donors
• RAAAP strengthened relationships with government
  and between a broad range of CSOs
• Most CSOs interviewed consider the RAAAP and
  resulting national plans of action as a useful
  process and a good framework for responses
• Process needs to be continued and supported with
  the greater involvement of civil society in future

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Breakdown of Resource Needs - 2005
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Large variation in overall budgets (3-5 years)
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Resource needs for 2006
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11 Sample countries in total have secured under
half of the funds needed for 2006 (average 42)
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Sources of funds pledged (total 370m for eleven
sample countries)
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Lessons Learned

• 1. Ownership and sustainability are possible
  through integration (PRSPs, SWAPs and national
  social protection strategies). PRS integration
  ongoing in gt7 countries
• 2. Social welfare to be recognised as a sector
  and developed through system strengthening
• 3. Child ministries remain weak and are a key
  limiting factor lack of finances, convening
  capacity and issue priority.

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Lessons Learned (2)

• 4. Decentralisation success (planning, resource
  management and coordination) will determine
  coverage increase (progress in RSA, Rwanda,
  Mozambique, Lesotho, Namibia) and ultimately
  resource flow
• 5. Alignment of donor funds with national plans
  is ongoing but incomplete. Of the 12 sample
  countries, only four stipulated that alignment of
  USG funds is occurring (Namibia, Rwanda, Malawi
  and RSA).

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Lessons Learned (3)

• 6. Emphasis has been on national ownership how
  will regions respond? NPAs are highlighted in
  AU/AWA 2005-7 HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan.
• 7. Plan disaggregation is inevitable to mobilise
  resources means central coordination and
  harmonisation critical
• 8. Regional surveillance mechanisms absent but
  essential to be built on national ME systems

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Lessons learned (4)

• 9. Definitions do matter determine budgets,
  stakeholders to be involved, nature of
  integration and potential extent of
  discrimination. Critical issue in lower
  prevalence countries
• 10. Universality in coverage is achievable