The Formal Report

1
The Formal Report

• Documentation

2
Overview

• Purpose of documentation
• Documentation styles
• Appropriate documentation situations
• Parenthetical citations
• Reference list
• List of links

3
Definition and Purpose

• Documentation gives credit to the sources used
  within a work of research .
• Correct documentation protects authors from
  charges of plagiarism (taking credit for other
  peoples ideas).

4
Documentation Styles

• -- American Psychological Association (APA)
• Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago)
• Council of Biology Editors (CBE)
• Modern Language Association (MLA)
• Turabian
• http//www.montreat.edu/tutor/12-1.htm This link
  will take you to a chart that lists documentation
  styles and their disciplines. However,
  double-check with your department to be sure that
  the style mentioned in the chart is the one your
  dept. uses.

5
Electronic Sources/Styleguide Links

• There are links on the syllabus to sites housing
  style guides for APA and MLA styles regarding
  online documentation.
• Chicago Manual of Style This link will take you
  to some questions and answers about the Chicago
  Manual of Style.
• IEEE Style This link explains the requirements
  of IEEE style. Youll have to search these
  guides for information on citing online sources.

6
Documentation Situations

• The main rule is to document ideas that come from
  other sources.
• The exception is that general information and
  common knowledge dont need to be documented.
• Document especially if material involves
  speculation or appears in only a few sources.

7
Types of Documentation

• There are three main ways to cite information
• Quotations the authors exact words placed in
  quotation marks
• Summariesyour condensation of the authors
  meaning
• Paraphrasesyour rephrasing of the authors point
  in your words, not his/hers.

8
Parenthetical Citations

• This example presented here is in MLA style.
  The specific rules may be different from the ones
  for your departments style.
• Instead of using footnotes or endnotes for
  bibliographic information, place the authors
  name and page number in parentheses at the end of
  the citation.
• Ex. Kate looked around and saw another woman
  standing at the bottom of a flight of stairs
  (Stabenow 85).

9
Reference Lists

• Depending on the style, this page may be titled
  Works Cited (MLA), References (APA),
  Bibliography, etc.
• This page contains all the sources youve
  consulted and/or cited in the paper (depending on
  your styles rules), alphabetized by the 1st
  listed authors surname.

10
Reference Lists 2

• Book information includes
• All authors names, surname first (MLA).
• Title underlined or italicized.
• City (and state if city is unfamiliar) where
  publisher resides
• Publishers name (check rules to see if you
  include Co., Ltd., Inc, Press),
• Publication date.

11
Reference Lists 3

• Magazine and Journal Articles
• Authors names, surname first.
• Article title with quotation marks (MLA).
• Magazine or journal title underlined or
  italicized.
• Volume number. issue number (if paginated by
  issue every issue starts with page 1. Issue
  number not needed if paginated by volume only
  the 1st issue that year has page 1)
• Page numbers for entire article.

12
Reference Lists 4

• Other sources you may cite include
• Newspapers
• Lectures
• Government documents
• Interviews (if interview text not included in an
  appendix, use parenthetical citation in text but
  dont put interview in bibliography)
• Electronic sources (Internet sources contain the
  date on the site, the URL, and the date you
  accessed the site).

13
Documentation Exercise

• Directions
• Everyone will send to the discussion board forum
  (Documentation) the following
• The original passage your quote, summary or
  paraphrase came from
• The way you incorporated the passage into your
  paragraph the parenthetical citation/footnote/en
  dnote
• The bibliographic entry

14
Documentation Exercise Example

• Original Passage
• Old Sam didnt say a word to Kate the whole way,
  even when she brought his lunch to the bridge.
  It was a corned beef sandwich, too, with lots of
  mayo and mustard and a layer of lettuce thick
  enough to choke a horse, served on homemade
  sourdough bread, his favorite sandwich in the
  whole entire world.

15
Documentation Exercise Example 2

• Quote incorporated into text, parenthetical
  citation, bibliographic entry (MLA style)
• The Kate Shugak seen at the start of A Taint in
  the Blood was surely not the same woman who
  didnt tell Old Sam Dementieff that she could
  make pineapple upside down cake because hed have
  her make one twice a week. Stabenow described
  Kate as being overly helpful, when she brought
  his lunch to the bridge. It was a corned beef
  sandwich . . . his favorite sandwich in the whole
  entire world (6-7).
• Stabenow, Dana. A Taint in the Blood. New York
  St. Martins, 2004.

16
Links

• http//www.montreat.edu/tutor/12-1.htm
  Documentation Style by Discipline Chart
• http//www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/cmosfaq
  /cmosfaq.html Chicago Manual of Style
• http//www.ecf.utoronto.ca/writing/handbook-docum
  1b.html IEEE Style