Climate change impact on water resources

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Climate change impact on water resources

• Comoro islands are located in the Western Indian
  Ocean about 10 degrees south of the Equator and
  less than 300 km of the East African coast.

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• Total area of the 4 islands 2236 sq km
• Population about 700 000 and 30 live in urban
  area
• Active volcano Karthala with a summit reaching
  up to 2361 meters above sea level.

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• The Islands experience tropical climate with two
  marked seasons
• a dry season occur between may and October
• Hot and humid season between November and April

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How might small islands be affected by suggested
global climate change?

• Water is fundamental to human life and many
  activities
• Agriculture
• Industry
• Power generation
• Transportation
• Waste management

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• Climate change is just one of number of pressures
  facing the hydrological system and water
  resources.
• The availability of clean water is often
  constraint on economic development.

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Studies into potential effects on climate change

• On hydrology (focusing on the cycling of water)
• Water resources (focusing on the human and
  environment use of water).

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• How to understand and prepare for this change?
• Its necessary to evaluate the extent and degree
  of the impacts.

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The key water resources tresses

• Relate to access to safe drinking water
• Water for growing food
• Overexploitation of water resources
• Consequent environmental degradation and
• Deterioration in water quality.

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• Sea level rise in response to climate change is
  serious threat to the populated coastal zone of
  the world.
• Many nations already suffer from
• severe erosion
• Coastal storm flooding
• Salt water intrusion and
• Loss of wetlands

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• Groundwater is the major source of water in
  coastal zone of archipelago of Comoros.
• Aquifers are generally repleshed by effectives
  rainfall, river.
• Sea level rise will cause saline intrusion into
  coastal aquifers
• A reduction in precipitation couple with sea
  level rise would cause
• A dimunition of the harvestable volume of water
• A reduction of the size of the narrow fresh mater
  lense

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• The impact of climate change on hydrology are
  usually estimated defining scenarios for changes
  in climatic input to hydrological model from the
  output of(GCMs)

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• In the water resources sector,
• Technology
• Economics
• Institutions interact to make water supply meet
  water demand
• Can we modify the management of current system to
  adapt to climate change?
• How might climate change impact the design of new
  water infrastructure?

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• Water resource management(water supply
  infrastructure and operating procedures)
• - important aspect of climate change assessment
  used to redistribute water supply to meet water
  demand.

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Water management system

• Is made of two parts
• Surface water and groundwater
• Climate change will affect
• -surface water supply via reduced flow into
  storage reservoir
• -groundwater supply increased or decreased
  percolation of water.

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• Water resources sector does not function in
  isolation
• Human health
• Fisheries
• Coastal zone
• Agriculture
• Water resources researchers should have strong
  linkages to other sectors
• Water resources needs to beconceptualised as
  integrated sector and not as independent one.

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• Idea of involving the stakeholders and
  politicians in our projects is very important.
• Dissemination of information will help

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Thank you