Yungas Man and Biosphere Reserve

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Yungas Man and Biosphere Reserve
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Some facts

• 33.670 people living within the park
• 245.000 ha (16) of the park is communally
  managed
• 570 families living in 6 communities, socalled
  fincas
• Kolla communities practice transhumance
• Creation of the Man and Biosphere Reserve in 2002.

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Vegetation belts
Grasslands Cloud mountain forest Mountain
forest Piedmont forest
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Man and Biosphere Strategy

• MABs strategy is to implement Buffer Zones where
  management should be applied to simultaneously
  minimize human impact on conservation areas and
  address the socio-economic needs of the affected
  population.
• In the MAB approach people are just as important
  as biodiversity, and economic development is the
  starting point (Ebregt, 2000).

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Kolla cosmovision

• Man appears as an indivisible part of the
  Cosmos, referred to as the World, a world
  composed by earth, water and light, the Natural
  World is equal to Pachamama"

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Deforestation
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Some historical facts

• 1932 owner of a large sugarcane company
  acquired the land of Finca San Andres in a state
  auction
• Kollas were forced to work in the sugarcane
  fields
• 1946 march of all Kolla communities to Buenos
  Aires more than 1500 km
• 1948 an expropriation law was issued, however
  it has never been implemented
• A series of violent conflicts followed

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Some historical facts

• 1986 Patron Costas proposed to donate 89.000 ha
  of land corresponding to the summer villages
• 1993 Last peace march to Buenos Aires,
  president Menem expropriates 19.000 ha and
  establishes a moratorium on logging

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San Andres, present situation
Donacion donated high grassland, Remanente
remnant land in private hands, Expropiado
expropriated land of winter villages.