NS100

1
NS100

• Fundamentals of
• Naval Science

Inland Rules of the Road I
2
Objectives
1. Understand the purpose of the Rules of the
Road. 2. Know which vessels are required to
comply with the rules (Rule 1). 3.
Understand the responsibility of all vessels
under the rules (Rule 2). 4. Know the
definitions of the terms used in the rules
(Rule 3).
3
Objectives
5. Understand the requirement for proper look-
out (Rule 5). 6. Define safe speed and its
determining factors (Rule 6). 7. Know the
responsibility of all vessels to determine
risk of collision (Rule 7). 8. Understand the
rules regarding action to avoid collision
(Rule 8).
4
Objectives
9. Be familiar with the rules governing vessels
in narrow channels (Rule 9). 10. Be familiar
with the rules governing vessels in traffic
separation schemes (Rule 10).
5
Application (Rule 1)
1. The rules apply to all vessels upon the inland
waters of the United States, and to vessels of
the United States on the Canadian waters of the
Great Lakes to the extent that there is no
conflict with Canadian law.
6
Application (Rule 1)
2 . All vessels complying with the construction
and equipment requirements of the international
regulations are considered to be in compliance
with the inland rules.
7
Application (Rule 1)
3. Traffic separation schemes may be adopted in
certain areas to be used in coordination of the
rules.
8
Application (Rule 1)
4. Vessels that cannot fully comply with the
rules due to their construction or purpose shall
comply as possible. The Secretary of
Transportation may grant certificates of
alternative compliance for the vessels that
cannot meet the prescribed standards (the
Secretary of the Navy will grant the certificates
for Navy vessels).
9
Am I responsible for this ?
10
Responsibility (Rule 2)
1. Compliance with the rules will not exonerate
any vessel, or master or captain thereof, from
the consequences of any neglect to the
precautions of Good Seamanship. In short, if a
mishap or collision occurs at sea, the excuse of
following the rules to the letter will not be
considered adequate.
11
General Definitions (Rule 3)
1. Vessel - Every description of water craft,
including non-displacement craft and
seaplanes. 2. Power driven vessel - Any vessel
propelled by machinery. 3. Sailing Vessel - Any
vessel propelled by sail alone.
12
General Definitions (Rule 3)
4. Vessel engaged in fishing - Any vessel fishing
with nets, lines, trawls, or other fishing
apparatus that restricts maneuverability. 5.
Seaplane - Any aircraft designed to maneuver on
the water. 6. Vessel not under command - Any
vessel that through some exceptional
circumstances is unable to comply with the rules.
13
I am a fishing vessel. Get out of my way!!!
Is this true?
14
General Definitions (Rule 3)
7. Vessel restricted in maneuverability - Any
vessel which from the nature of her work is
restricted in her ability to maneuver. The
vessels include, but are not limited to a. A
vessel engaged in laying, servicing, or picking
up a navigation mark, submarine cable, or
pipeline.
15
General Definitions (Rule 3)
b. A vessel engaged in dredging, surveying, or
underwater operations. c. A vessel engaged in
replenishment or transfer of persons, provisions,
or cargo while underway. d. A vessel engaged in
launching or recovery of aircraft.
16
General Definitions (Rule 3)
e. A vessel engaged in mine clearance
operations. f. A vessel engaged in towing
operations such that the towing vessel is
severely restricted by the tow in their ability
to deviate from track. OBS Notice that a vessel
engaged in towing is not necessarily restricted
in her ability to maneuver.
17
General Definitions (Rule 3)
8. Underway - A vessel not at anchor, made fast
to shore, or aground. 9. Underway and making way
- A vessel that fits the definition of underway
and is being propelled through the water. 10.
Vessels in sight of one another - When one vessel
can be observed by the other.
18
General Definitions (Rule 3)
11. Restricted visibility - Any condition in
which visibility is restricted by fog, mist,
falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms, or
any other similar circumstances.
19
Lookouts (Rule 5)
1. Every vessel shall at all times maintain a
proper lookout. The lookout should be situated
in a position suitable for both sight and
hearing, and must be able to appraise the
situation and determine the risk of collision.
20
BE AWARE! THIS...
21
COULD BE THIS...
IF YOUR LOOKOUT - ISNT!
BUGGER!
22
Safe Speed (Rule 6)
1. Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a
safe speed such that she can take proper and
effective action to avoid collision and be able
to stop within an appropriate distance to the
prevailing circumstances and conditions.
23
Safe Speed (Rule 6)
Factors to be considered are a. Visibility b.
Traffic Density c. Maneuverability of vessel,
especially in stopping distance d. Presence
of background lighting at night e. State of wind,
current, sea, and proximity to navigational
hazards f. Draft of vessel in relation to depth
of water
24
Safe Speed (Rule 6)
2. Additionally, vessels equipped with radar
should consider the radars a. Characteristics,
efficiency, and limitations b. Range scale in
use c. Effect against sea state, weather, and
other sources of interference d. Ability to
detect small vessels and objects such as ice
(may not be able to detect)
25
Safe Speed (Rule 6)
2. Additionally, vessels equipped with radar
should consider the radars e. Ability to
differentiate between a number of vessels in
the immediate vicinity and their proximity to
one another f. Effective use in determining a
more exact range of visibility
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
Risk of Collision (Rule 7)
1. All available means shall be used to determine
if risk of collision exists if in doubt as to
whether or not it exists, assume that it does.
2. Use radar if outfitted with it and it is
operational, especially for long-range scanning
and tracking (determine of collision early).
29
Risk of Collision (Rule 7)
3. Assumption shall not be made on the basis of
scanty information, especially scanty radar
information.
30
Risk of Collision (Rule 7)
4. To determine whether the risk of collision
exists, take into account a. Whether the
compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not
appreciably change (Constant Bearing-Decreasing
Range).
31
BEARING DRIFT
32
CBDR SITUATION
33
Risk of Collision (Rule 7)
4. To determine whether the risk of collision
exists, take into account a. Whether the
compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not
appreciably change (Constant Bearing-Decreasing
Range). b. Size of the vessel
34
Risk of Collision (Rule 7)
4. To determine whether the risk of collision
exists, take into account a. Whether the
compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not
appreciably change (Constant Bearing-Decreasing
Range). b. Size of the vessel c. Range of the
vessel
35
A VERY(!) LARGE VESSEL
LBD
CBDR
LBD
RBD
36
A VESSEL AT CLOSE RANGE
CBDR
LBD
RBD
37
Action to Avoid Collision (Rule 8)
1. Any action taken to avoid collision shall be
positive, made in ample time, and with due regard
to the rules of good seamanship. 2. Any
alteration of course or speed to avoid collision
shall be large enough to be readily apparent
either visually or on radar to the other vessel.
38
Action to Avoid Collision (Rule 8)
3. Alteration of course will probably be the most
efficient means of avoiding collision provided
that it does not result in another close quarters
situation.
39
HEAD ON SITUATION
40
CROSSING SITUATION
41
OVERTAKING SITUATION
42
B
B
B
A
A
A
43
Narrow Channels (Rule 9)
1. Stay as near to the starboard side of the
channel as possible. 2. Vessels of less than 20
meters in length, sailing vessels, fishing
vessels, and vessels crossing the channel shall
not impede the progress of a vessel navigating in
a narrow channel.
44
4
5
45
(No Transcript)
46
Narrow Channels (Rule 9)
3. A power driven vessel traveling with the
current on the Great Lakes, Western Rivers, or
other waters specified by the secretary of
Transportation, shall a. Have the right-of-way
over a vessel traveling against the
current b. Propose the manner and place of
passage c. Initiate the maneuvering signals
47
Narrow Channels (Rule 9)
4. A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede
the passage of ANY OTHER vessel navigating within
a narrow channel or fairway. 5. Avoid anchoring
in a narrow channel. 6. Navigate with particular
alertness and sound 1 prolonged blast when
nearing a bend or area of a narrow channel or
fairway.
48
Traffic Separation Scheme(Rule 10)
A vessel using a traffic separation scheme
shall - proceed in the appropriate direction
for the lane it is in. - keep clear of the
separation zone - normally join or leave a
traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but
if entering from either side shall do so at as
shallow an angle as practical.
49
Traffic Separation Scheme(Rule 10)
Entering
Separation Zone
50
Traffic Separation Scheme(Rule 10)
- A vessel shall, so far as practical, avoid
crossing a separation scheme, but if obliged to
do so shall cross at as near a right angle as
practical. - A vessel not crossing or joining a
scheme shall not normally enter a separation
scheme, except - in cases of emergency to avoid
danger, or - to engage in fishing within a
separation zone.
51
Traffic Separation Scheme(Rule 10)
Crossing
Separation Zone
Fishing
52
Traffic Separation Scheme(Rule 10)
- A vessel shall, so far as practical, avoid
anchoring in a separation scheme. - A vessel
engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage
of ANY vessel following a traffic lane. - A
vessel lt20m in length, or a sailing vessel shall
not impede the passage of a power-driven vessel
following a traffic lane.
53
Traffic Separation Scheme(Rule 10)
- A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver
is exempted from complying with this rule to the
extent necessary to carry out her operation.
54
Questions ?