Personality

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Personality
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Personality Type

• Type A
• Characteristics impatience, competitiveness,
  hostility
• Increased risk of coronary heart disease
  (Friedmean and Rosenman 1974)
• Type B
• Characteristics generally more relaxed, little
  aggressive drive, seldom in a hurry, free of most
  Type A characteristics

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Coronary Heart Disease

• Major cause of death
• Due to damage to coronary arteries
• Cause from Atherosclerosis
• Thickening of arterial walls
• Can result in myocardial infarction, angina
  pectoris, and sudden death

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Type A

• Identified through interviews of Jenkins Activity
  Survey.
• Interview- Detailed list of questions w/ emphasis
  on the individuals reaction to interview
• Survey- Self-report about behaviors
• Has your spouse or friend ever told you that you
  eat to fast?
• Do you ever set deadlines of quotas for yourself
  at work or at home
• Increased cardiovascular activity over baseline
  rates when engaged in a task (Krantz et al. 1982)

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Type A/ Type B

• Differences depend on environment
• Challenges, competition, or harrassment
• No differences found when task not relevant to
  Type A characteristics
• Noises or temperatures

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Studies

• Stern and Elder (1982)
• Type As are able to reduce HR depending on
  challenge produced
• When subjects were told HR reduction was common,
  Type Bs showed greater success
• When told HR was a rare ability, Type As showed
  better improvement

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• Watson, Minzenmayera and Bowlera (2006)
• Undergraduates were placed on teams- either mixed
  high and low Type A or mostly high Type A
• Found more team commitment and the more team
  synergy behaviors when mixed and more
  individualistic behavior, and team project scores
  were lower
• Type A personality significantly correlated with
  high levels of depression and high levels of
  social monitoring and negatively correlated with
  social desirability, communality, and individual
  performance across time

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Work Cited

• John L. Andreassi (2006). Psychophysiology Human
  Behavior Physiological Response.  Mahwah, New
  Jersey Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
• Watson WE, Minzenmayera T and Bowler M (2006).
  Type A Personality Characteristics and the Effect
  on Individual and Team Academic Performance.
  Journal of Applied Social Psychology 36 1110.