Welcome to:

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www.lehrhaus.org
Welcome to Understanding Israel A
Lehrhaus-To-Go Course Learn Anywhere, Anytime
Course Topics (1) 1800s-1919 Birth of the
Zionist Movement (55 min.) (2) 1919-1950s
British Mandate, the War of Independence and Its
Consequences (3) 1950-Present Challenges of the
Emerging State (4) 1966-1972 The Six Day War and
Its Aftermath (5) 1973-1983 The Yom Kippur War
and the Begin Era (6) 1980s-2000 Intifada I and
the Oslo Peace Process (7) 2000-Present
Intifada II, Ariel Sharon, and the Future
Jehon Grist
Fred Rosenbaum
Click on the speaker icon for narration
Instructor Fred Rosenbaum Narrator/Producer
Jehon Grist, Ph.D.
Questions? jehon_at_lehrhaus.org
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Donors Who Made This Program Possible
CD-ROM Production Tillie and Rene Molho
Endowment for Holocaust Remembrance of the Jewish
Community Foundation of the Greater East
Bay Research and Text Development Dr. Barbara
and Richard Rosenberg Technology
Development The Ruth and Marco Goodman
Philanthropic Fund of the Jewish Community
Foundation of the Greater East Bay
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The Birth of the Zionist Movement Discussion
Outline

• Israels Biblical Heritage Remembered
• The Hard Reality Jewish Life in Czarist Russia
• Theodor Herzl and a State for the Jews
• The Dreyfus Affair and Virulent Anti-Semitism
• Settling the Land Jewish Emigrate to Ottoman
  Palestine
• Eliezer Ben Yehuda Hebrew as the Language of
  the Land
• Breakthrough World War I and the Balfour
  Declaration

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The Land of Israel, Past and Present The
Heritage of Biblical Israel
Map Source Martin Gilbert, Atlas of Jewish
History
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(No Transcript)
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Fenced In Jews within the Pale of Settlement,
1825-1855
Czar Nicholas I, r. 1825-1855
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A Fresh Start Alexander II and His
Reforms 1855-1881
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Moses Mendelssohn of Berlin Inspiration for the
Russian Haskalah

• Russian Haskalah Objectives
• Encourage Jews to farm
• Emphasize science/progress
• Rejection of Yiddish learn
• Russian or Hebrew

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Moses Lilienblum and the Lesson of the Pogrom
The pogroms taught me their lesson and I was in
despair about our future. My (secular) studies
seemed a sin against my unfortunate people. Our
sons were robbed and derided, our daughters
shamed, and all our hopes for equality came to
naught. Our people were fleeing the sword,
misfortune all around, the present bitter, the
future fearfuland I was entering the university!
For years I had striven toward this. But now I am
convinced that our misfortune is not the lack of
general education but that we are aliens. We will
still remain aliens when we will be stuffed with
education as a pomegranate is with seeds. Moses
Lilienblum
Czar Alexander III
Moses Lilienblum
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Where Would You Go? Hard Choices for Hard Times
Instructions Its the 1880s. Youre a young
Russian Jew. Which path do you think you should
take emigrate to America, go to Palestine, or
just stay in Russia? Think over the pros and cons
of each option, then click on the speaker icon
for your first, second and third choices,
whatever they may be.
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Who Was Theodor Herzl?
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Herzls Vienna, 1890s
Karl Lueger
Rathaus, seat of Vienna Mayor Council
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The Dreyfus Affair and Herzls Reaction
Left Emile Zolas 1898 article in LAurore
condemning Dreyfus conviction Right Captain
Alfred Dreyfus
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Herzls Wild Dream A State for the Jews
What has happened . . . to this otherwise
intelligent, witty and cultivated writer? What
foolishness is this that he has thought up and
writes about? Why should we go to Palestine? Our
language is German and not Hebrew, and beautiful
Austria is our homeland. Stefan Zweig, ca.
1896 the wildest of all wild dreams. Rabbi
Jacob Voorsanger, Congregation Emanu-El, San
Francisco, 1897
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Theodor Herzl and the First Zionist
Congress, Basel, 1897
Excerpt from Herzls Diary, 1897
"At Basle I founded the Jewish State...Perhaps in
five years, and certainly in fifty, everyone will
know it." Theodor Herzl
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Herzls Diplomatic Initiatives
Sultan Abdulhamid II, r. 1876-1909
Kaiser Wilhelm II, Germany
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Kishinev A Pogrom Inspires Herzls Uganda
Homeland Plan, 1903
Lithograph showing Teddy Roosevelt condemning
Tsar Nicholas II after the Kishinev Pogrom, 1903
British Postage Stamp of the Uganda East Africa
Protectorate
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Ahad Ha-Ams Opposing Voice This is not the Way
Asher Ginsberg, Ahad Ha-Am
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Settling in Palestine After Kishinev Chaim
Bialiks Call to Action
Rise and go to the town of the killings and
you'll come to the yards and with your eyes and
your own hand feel the fence and on the trees
and on the stones and plaster of the wall the
congealed blood and hardened brains of the dead.
(from 'City of Slaughter', trans. by Atar
Hadari)
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Aliyah (Immigration) to the Promised
Land Pioneers (Chalutzim) in Settlement

• D. Gordon
• 1856-1922

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Founding Fathers of the Streams of Zionism
Cultural Ahad Ha-Am
Religious Rabbi Abraham Kook
Political Theodor Herzl
Socialist Ber Borochov
Labor A.D. Gordon
Revisionist Vladimir Jabotinsky
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Establishing Viable Settlements
Arthur Ruppin
Manya Shochat
Degania, near the southern shore of the Sea of
Galilee
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Founding Tel Aviv in 1909
Tel Aviv Hotels Today
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Eliezer Ben-Yehuda and the Revival of Hebrew
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Foreign Office, November 2nd, 1917.Dear Lord
Rothschild,I have much pleasure in conveying to
you, on behalf of His Majesty's Government, the
following declaration of sympathy with Jewish
Zionist aspirations which has been submitted to,
and approved by, the Cabinet"His Majesty's
Government view with favour the establishment in
Palestine of a national home for the Jewish
people, and will use their best endeavours to
facilitate the achievement of this object, it
being clearly understood that nothing shall be
done which may prejudice the civil and religious
rights of existing non-Jewish communities in
Palestine, or the rights and political status
enjoyed by Jews in any other country".I should
be grateful if you would bring this declaration
to the knowledge of the Zionist
Federation.Yours sincerelyArthur James Balfour
A Zionist Victory The Balfour Declaration, 1917
Chaim Weizmann
Arthur Balfour
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General Sir Edmund Allenby Enters Jerusalem,
December 1917
After you listen to the narration, click on the
screen directly above to watch Allenbys entry
through Jaffa Gate.
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Read All About It! Recommended Reading for This
Session
Just click on the I for information icon above
to read the chapter