Chapter 27: The Planets and the Solar System

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Chapter 27 The Planets and the Solar System

• 27.1 The Inner Planets
• 27.2The Outer Planets
• 27.3 Planetary Satellites
• 27.4 Solar System Debris

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27-1 The Inner Planets

• Two Planetary Neighborhoods
• What is at the center of our solar system?
• What are the Terrestrial Planets composed of?

The Sun
Rock
3. What are the Jovian Planets made-up of?
Gas
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27-1 The Inner Planets

• B. Mercury
• Nearest the sun
• Fastest revolution (88 days)
• Rotates every 59 days
• What did Mariner 10 do?
• 5. Surface temperatures vary from 400ºC to
  200ºC.

Took photographs of the surface
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27-1 The Inner Planets

• Venus
• Earths sister planet
• Rotates from east to west every 243 days
• Orbits the sun every 225 days. What does this
  mean?
• 80 is covered with lava and the atmosphere is
  mostly sulfuric acid.
• Surface temperature is 475ºC. Why is it so hot?

The Day is longer than the Year
Greenhouse Effect
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27-1 The Inner Planets

• Mars
• 687 days to orbit the sun.
• What is its atmosphere made of?
• It has four seasons.
• It has polar ice caps.
• What is the name of the largest volcano in the
  solar system?
• Is there life on Mars?

95 C02 5 N Ar
Olympus Mons
Maybe?
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27-2 The Outer Planets

• The Jovian Planets
• What invention led to the discovery of these
  planets?
• What are Jovian planets composed of?
• The temperature and density increases with depth.
• How do rings form?

The Telescope
Gas
Gravitational pull on free gas and dust particles
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27-2 The Outer Planets

• B. Jupiter
• 11.9 years to orbit the sun
• Rotates every 10 hours
• Largest planet in the solar system
• It has a red eye

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27-2 The Outer Planets

• Saturn
• 30 years to complete one orbit
• Rotates every 10 hours
• Lowest density of any planet
• Radiates more energy than it receives

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27-2 The Outer Planets

• D. Uranus
• 84 years to complete one orbit
• Average temperature is 200ºC
• Rotates every 17 hours

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27-2 The Outer Planets

• Neptune, Pluto, and Charon
• 165 years to complete one orbit
• Rotates every 16.1 hours
• Winds up to 2000km/hr
• Average temperature is 225ºC
• Neptune and Pluto switch orbits every 248 years
• Pluto is the ____ Planet. Or is it even a
  planet?
• Who is Charon?

Moon of Pluto
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27-3 Planetary Satellites

• Satellites of Earth and Mars
• Bodies that revolve around planets are called
  satellites or moons.
• Who are Phobos and Deimos?
• How many moons do we have?

The moons of Mars
One
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27-3 Planetary Satellites

• B. Jupiters Moons
• Has at least 28 moons
• Which one is geologically active?
• Which one has water?
• Which one is the largest in the Solar System?
• Which one is the most heavily cratered in the
  Solar System?

Io
Europa
Ganymede
Callisto
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27-3 Planetary Satellites

• Saturns Moons
• Has at least 24 moons
• Which one is the largest?
• 3. Titan is the only moon with a substantial
  atmosphere.
• The moons of Uranus and Neptune
• Uranus has 21.
• Neptune has 8.
• Triton has Ice volcanoes
• Miranda has been shattered as many as five times.
  

Titan
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27-4 Solar System Debris

• Comets and TNOs
• Collisions create craters.
• Comets-Dirty snowballs made of dust particles
  trapped in a mixture of water, carbon dioxide,
  methane and ammonia.
• What are TNOs? Where are they found?
• What creates the tail?

Trans Neptunian Objects
The Oort Cloud
Solar Wind
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27-4 Solar System Debris

• B. Asteroids
• Asteroids -Solid, rocklike masses.
• How big are they?
• Where do we find asteroids?
• What happens if they hit earth?

Most are less than 1km long
In the Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter
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27-4 Solar System Debris

• Meteors, Meteoroids and Meteorites
• 1. Meteoroid - Rock or icy fragment traveling in
  space. Smaller than an asteroid.
• 2. Meteor - Shooting star, created when a
  meteoroid enters the atmosphere and begins to
  burn up.

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27-4 Solar System Debris

• 3. Meteor Shower - occurs when Earth passes
  through the tail of a comet, and particles from
  the tail plunge through the atmosphere.
• 4. Meteorite - part of a meteoroid that strikes
  the Earth.

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27-4 Solar System Debris

• What are the three main types?
• ..
• Which is the most abundant source?
• Why is Antarctica a good place to find
  meteorites?

Stony 94
Iron 5
Stony/Iron 1
Antarctica
It is white and there is little weathering
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27-4 Solar System Debris

• Impact Craters
• are bowl-shaped depressions left after a meteor
  strikes the Earth.
• Why are there more craters on the moon than on
  the Earth?

It doesnt have an atmosphere, weather or Plate
Tectonics.