Informational Graphics

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Informational Graphics

• Cartoons

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Types of Informational Graphics

• Diagram - a drawing showing the general scheme or
  outline of an object and its parts, a graphic
  representation of the course or results of an
  action or process
• Chart - a sheet of information in the form of a
  table, graph, or diagram, a geographical map or
  plan
• Graph - A diagram showing the relation between
  variable quantities, usually of two variables,
  each measured along one of a pair of axes at
  right angles
• Illustration - a drawing or picture illustrating
  a book, magazine article, etc.

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Simonds usage

• Chart/graph - includes includes bar, line, pie,
  scatter, etc. makes use of data
• Illustration - a drawing that is representative
  of its subject (i.e. resemblance)
• Maps - a drawing that shows locations from
  birdseye view (e.g. roadmaps, floorplans) with
  reference to real world
• Diagrams - drawings that show processes, tasks,
  concepts, etc. (abstractions)
• Tables - rows columns of information (data,
  text, pictures, etc.) that are aligned
  categorized

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Edward Tuftes Definition
Data graphics visually display measured
quantities by means of the combined use of
points, lines, a coordinate system, numbers,
symbols, words, shading, and color.
Introduction to The Visual Display of
Quantitative Information
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Dr. John Snows Data Map of a cholera outbreak
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Charles Joseph Minards Graphic of Napoleons
march to Moscow is an example of data map and
time-series integration.
Multivariate data include the size of the army,
its location, direction of movement, and
temperature on various dates during retreat.
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Positive Linear Relationship
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Negative Linear Relationship
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No Relationship
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Regression toward the Mean
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Regression toward the Mean
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Charts and Graphs
Clutter and confusion are failures of design, not
attributes of information. -Edward Tufte
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Terminology
1 4 7 2 9 3 5 6 2 1 4 2 0 5 4 2 4 3 1 5 3 6 7 4
8 0 2 9 1 3
Data
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Terminology
Observation
1 4 7 2 9 3 5 6 2 1 4 2 0 5 4 2 4 3 1 5 3 6 7 4
8 0 2 9 1 3
Data

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Terminology
Observation
1 4 7 2 9 3 5 6 2 1 4 2 0 5 4 2 4 3 1 5 3 6 7 4
8 0 2 9 1 3
Variable
Data

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Terminology
Observation
1 4 7 2 9 3 5 6 2 1 4 2 0 5 4 2 4 3 1 5 3 6 7 4
8 0 2 9 1 3
Variable
Data










Plotted Variable
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Terminology
Observation
1 4 7 2 9 3 5 6 2 1 4 2 0 5 4 2 4 3 1 5 3 6 7 4
8 0 2 9 1 3
Variable
Data






Range




Plotted Variable
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Terminology
Observation
1 4 7 2 9 3 5 6 2 1 4 2 0 5 4 2 4 3 1 5 3 6 7 4
8 0 2 9 1 3
Variable
Data







Units




Plotted Variable
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Terminology
Observation
1 4 7 2 9 3 5 6 2 1 4 2 0 5 4 2 4 3 1 5 3 6 7 4
8 0 2 9 1 3
Variable
Data





5 4 3 2 1 0


Scale




Plotted Variable
A B C D E F G H I J
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Terminology
Observation
1 4 7 2 9 3 5 6 2 1 4 2 0 5 4 2 4 3 1 5 3 6 7 4
8 0 2 9 1 3
Variable
Data





5 4 3 2 1 0


Grid




Plotted Variable
A B C D E F G H I J
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Types of Graphs

• Horizontal Bar

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Types of Graphs

• Line

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Types of Graphs

• Pie/Area

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Types of Graphs

• Histogram

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Cartoons
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Cartoons
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Electromagnetic Spectrum
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Shannon-Schramm Model
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Dales Cone of Experience
Abstract
Written/Spoken Language
Graphs/Diagrams
Illustrations/Photographs
Films/Videotapes
Dramatization/Demonstration
Simulation/Role Play
Direct Purposeful Experience
Concrete
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Fat Content Comparison
McDonalds 1/4 Pounder
Burger King Whopper
Wendys Double
Gardenburger
Popular Burgers
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This microphone is a collection of basic shapes
and lines. Color gradients help create a 3D
effect.
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Delta Blues Pioneers
Charley Patton 1891- 1934
Photo Courtesy of Maxey Tarpley