ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

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ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

• Why was the Nile River important to Egyptians?
• How did Egyptians use the land around the Nile?
• What economic activities could take place because
  of the Nile and the land around it?

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EGYPT

• Gift of the Nile

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Geography

• The Nile
• 4,160 miles long
• Begins in mountains near Equator, empties into
  Mediterranean Sea
• Floods every July
• People could predict when to plant, which made
  farming easier!
• Made a calendar based on farming

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New Ways to Farm

• 2400 BC new technology!
• 1. Irrigation carried water to dry areas
• 2. The shaduf spread water from canals by using
  a bucket

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Egyptian Crops

• First to grind wheat into flour and add yeast and
  water to make bread!

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• Fruits
• Dates, figs, grapes watermelon
• Veggies
• Lettuce, radish, asparagus, cucumber

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Plants for Other Uses

• Papyrus makes paper
• Reeds woven into sandals
• Flax plant makes linen
• Lightweight clothing

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Homes

• Mud bricks mixed with straw
• Narrow windows high in wall reduced heat
• Walls painted white to reflect sun
• Sticks palms made roof

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• Poor slept on mats covered with linen sheets
• Wealthy had bed frames, cushions, fancier homes,
  courtyards, and ponds

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Mining

• Liked fancy stuff!
• mined gold went to Nubia (Egyptian word for
  gold was nub)
• Mined copper, iron, bronze, and precious stones
  like turquoise

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Fishing and Hunting

• Mainly hunted fish
• Also hippopotamuses, crocodiles, ducks, etc

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Travel and Trade

• Oars and sails (thanks Mesopotamia!) on boats
  helped them move quickly

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