Layerage

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Layerage

• Rooting plant parts while still attached to the
  mother plant

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Types/Methods of Layerage

• Air
• Simple
• Mound
• Trench
• Serpentine

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Simple Layerage
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Air Layerage
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Air Layerage
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Air Layered Ficus sp.
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Air Layered Plants
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Tip Layerage
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Mound Layerage
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Mound Layerage
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Trench Layerage
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Plant Modifications Resulting in Natural Layering

• Tip Layering
• Runners
• Stolons
• Offsets
• Suckers
• Crown division

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Tip Layerage
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Natural Layerage Runners
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Natural Layerage Runners
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Production of Suckers
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Physiological Aspects of Layerage

• Injuring of tissue
• Response to wounding
• Callus formation
• Prevention of carbohydrate flow via phloem
• Accumulation of carbohydrates
• Root initial formation
• Takes place in dark conditions

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Advantages of Layerage

• Reliable method of propagation.
• Produce larger specimen in a short time.
• Take advantage of growth characteristics of
  certain plants.
• Easy and several methods can be used.
• No plant loss due to failures.

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Disadvantages of Layerage

• Hand labor
• Time consuming

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Specialized stems and roots

• Bulbs
• Tunicate
• Non-tunicate
• Propagation of bulblets
• Basal cuttage scoring scooping
• Bulb cuttings-
• Leaf cuttings
• Tissue culture

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Specialized stems and roots

• Corms
• Cormel production
• Tubers
• Tuberous roots and stems
• Rhizomes-
• Pachymorph
• leptomorph

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Specialized structures (contd)

• Pseudobulbs
• Back bulbs