y

1
Electron Configuration 8 Valence Electrons
z
x
y
Ne 2s22p6
Ne
2
What Happens When Covalent Bonds Form?
z
x
y
C 2s22p2
C
The Orbital Configuration (Shape) Changes VSEPR
Theory
3
Structure of CH4

4 H?
4
Structure of NH3

3 H?
3 atoms, 1 pair of unshared electrons Pyramidal
Pyramidal Geometry
5
Structure of H2O
2 atoms, 2 pair of unshared electrons Bent
Bent Geometry
6
Structure of H2O
2 atoms, 2 pair of unshared electrons Bent
Bent Geometry
7
Structure of NO3-1


N
1 e
3 O
8
Structure of CO2

C
2 O
9
NaF
e-

Ionic
e-

10
2NaF
H2
e-
e-
Non-polar Covalent
Ionic
11
2NaF
H2
e-
e-
Non-polar Covalent
Ionic
e-
d-
d
Cl
H
e-
Polar Covalent
12
(No Transcript)
13
Table of Electronegativities
figure 4.2 in text.
14
DEN
Polar Covalent
Ionic
1.9
0
Non-polar
15
d
d-
Cl
H
e-
e-
HCl
Asymmetric charge distribution
16
d
d-
Polar Molecule
H Cl
Cl
H
Asymmetric charge distribution
HCl
17
d
d-
Polar Molecule
H Cl
Cl
H
Asymmetric charge distribution
HCl
O
C
O
e-
e-
e-
e-
tug of war between the two Os for electrons
18
d
d-
Polar Molecule
H Cl
Cl
H
Asymmetric charge distribution
HCl
O
C
O
O
C
O
Non-Polar Molecule
Symmetric charge distribution
19
d
d-
Polar Molecule
H Cl
Cl
H
Asymmetric charge distribution
HCl
O
C
O
O
C
O
Non-Polar Molecule
Symmetric charge distribution
Polar Molecule
H
H