F. 1 Design and Technology

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F. 1 Design and Technology

• Woodwork

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Try Square

• Try square is for woodwork while Engineers
  square is for metalwork.
• They are used for making and testing right angles.

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Try Square

• They are also used to test squareness and check
  the internal and external angles of a workpiece.

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Marking Knife

• It is used for making cut lines on wood.
• It is used to cut the fibres of a wood surface
  before sawing and chiselling.

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Marking Knife

• Always keep the flat edge vertically close to the
  try square or steel rule to ensure that the lines
  are marked accurately.

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Marking on wood
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Tenon Saw

• It is used for making straight cuts in small
  pieces of wood such as sawing tenons.
• The steel back is used to stiffen the blade so as
  to make straight cuts easily.

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Tenon Saw

• Always put it back in the tool box after use to
  prevent unnecessary damages caused by the saw
  teeth.

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Bench Hook

• It is used to support wood for sawing on the
  bench easily.
• It is also used to protect the bench top during
  sawing or chiselling.

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Sawing on wood

• Choose the suitable saw for cutting. Tenson saws
  are commonly used.
• Use a marking knife to cut the wood fibre.
• Hold the workpiece by a bench hook.

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Sawing on wood

• Pull the saw backward to start the cut.
• Apply force on the forward strokes only.
• Release pressure and slow down the speed when the
  cut to be finished.

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Planes

• It is used for shaping rough wood surfaces to the
  required size.

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Planes

• Do not touch the cutting edge of blade,
  otherwise it will hurt you.

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Planes

• When using the plane, you should follow the
  correct steps to adjust the plane (1) Hold the
  plane for adjust. (2) Adjust the suitable depth
  of the cut. (3) Make suitable lateral adjustment.

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Planes
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Rasps

• Rasps are used for rough shaping of wood or other
  soft materials.
• The common shapes of rasps are half-round, flat
  and round.

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Rasps

• The rasp with a narrow head can be used for
  shaping different works.
• The common lengths of rasps are from 200mm to
  300mm.

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Rasps
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Test
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MachineVice

• It is used to hold the workpiece for drilling.
• For light drilling, the vice can be held by hand.
• For heavy work, it must be bolted on the table of
  a drilling machine.

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Hand Vice

• It is used to hold workpieces for drilling.
• It is especially useful when you are drilling
  sheet metal or acrylic sheets.

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Drilling Machine

• It is used for drilling holes in wood, metal or
  plastics.
• The maximum size of the chunk is normally 13mm in
  diameter.
• Cutting lubricant is essential in drilling holes
  in most metal.

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Drilling Machine

• Safety Notes
• Select suitable speeds for different materials
  and drill sizes.
• Ensure the drill is securely and properly held in
  the chuck.
• Remove the chunk key before switching on.

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Drilling Machine

• Wear goggles to protect your eyes.
• Clamp the workpiece with a machine vice or hand
  vice when necessary.
• The chunk must be covered by a chunk guard during
  drilling.

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Cutting inside the wood

• Drill some holes first.

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Cutting inside the wood

• Disconnect the blade from the coping saw, then
  connect the blade through the hole in the wood.

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Finishing

• The abrasive for wood is glasspaper.
• The grade from coarse to fine is 2, 1, 0.
• It can be used for smoothing plastics.

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Joining

• PVA Glue
• It is a white glue widely used for joining paper
  and light woodpieces. It is water soluble and
  fairly strong.