European Regulations coal, CO2 emissions

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European Regulations (coal, CO2 emissions)
Regional Office of Silesia in Brussels
Jerzy Buzek, Member of the European
Parliament Member of the Industry, Research and
Energy Committee Member of the Climate Change
Committee Rapporteur of the 7FP for RD in the
EU Rapporteur of the European Strategic Energy
Technology Plan (SET-Plan)
10.06.2008, Brussels
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IPCC 4th Assessment Report (2007)

• Continued GHG emissions at or above current
  rates would cause further warming and induce many
  changes in the global climate system during the
  21st century that would very likely be larger
  than those observed during the 20th century.

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Predicted Future Global Warming

• Global Temperature

• Global CO2 Emissions

• Source IPCC 2007

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WEO 2007 Reference ScenarioWorlds Top Five CO2
Emitters

• China overtook the US to become the largest
  emitter in 2007, while India becomes the
  third-largest by 2015

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The Kyoto Protocol

• The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement
  made under the United Nations Framework
  Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Rio de
  Janeiro in 1992
• It concerns reducing Greenhouse gases that cause
  climate change
• It was agreed on 11 December 1997 at the 3rd
  Conference of the Parties to the treaty when they
  met in Kyoto
• It entered into force on 16 February 2005
• The Kyoto Protocol now covers more than 170
  countries globally
• Countries that ratify this protocol commit to
  reducing their emissions of carbon dioxide and
  five other greenhouse gases (GHG), or engaging in
  emissions trading if they maintain or increase
  emissions of these gases

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The United Nations Climate Change Conference-
Poznan, December 2008 (COP14)- Copenhagen,
December 2009 (COP15)

• Deadline for the negotiations of the Post
  Kyoto Protocol

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Primary resources
Renewables, Fossil Fuels, Nuclear (coal,
oil, gas)
Energy demands doubling in 30 40 years

• The goals for the EU
• security of supply
• environmental protection (climate change)
• competitive costs (Lisbon Agenda)

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UE- Leader in mitigating global warming

• Presidency Conclusions, Council March 2007

Targets for 2020
20 share of renewable energy
20 energy savings
20 reduction of GHG emissions
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Climate and Energy Package

• PROPOSAL published 23 January 2008
• Main components
• Directive Emissions Trading System (EU ETS)
• Decision Effort Sharing (non ETS)
• Directive Carbon Capture Storage
• Directive Renewable Energy Sources
• Guidelines on State Aid for Env Protection

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Climate and Energy Package

• CONSEQUENCES
• Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan)
• Negotiations in the Council and European
  Parliament
• 2008-2009
• EC intension have it adopted before EP elections
  and new European Commission

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Way of introduction

• Carbon emissions costs
• New low carbon technologies

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Emission Trading System (ETS)

• Successes of the EU ETS
• Demonstrates EU leadership of climate change
• Puts a price on carbon
• Stimulated the development of JI/CDM and the
  resulting transfer of technology to
  developing/emerging countries
• Problems with the EU ETS
• Another cost of doing business in Europe
• Indirect impacts, especially on energy
  intensive industries

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How important is the long-term carbon price
(e.g. in 2020) for new investments in your
industry?
385 respondents all from companies
buying/selling/holding EUAs or CERs
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FP 7 Proposed Priority Topics in Energy
Hydrogen and fuel cells
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The Strategic Energy Technology Plan

• Strengthening European energy research capacities
  through
• European Industrial Initiatives
• European Energy Research Alliance
• Reinforced international cooperation

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The SET-Plan an effective implementation needed

• European Industrial Initiatives (EIIs)
• European Wind Initiative
• Solar Europe Initiative
• Bio-energy Europe Initiative
• European CO2 capture, transport and storage
  initiative
• European electricity grid initiative
• Sustainable nuclear fission initiative
• EP proposition to include 12 CCS demonstration
  projects, the so-called
  EU-Flagship Programme

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Technology Map for the SET-Plan
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Carbon Capture and StorageFlagship Programme of
the EU
Capture
Transport
85-90
Storage
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COAL IS THERE !
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Integrated hydrogen genaration from fossil fuels,
biomass and wind
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The Energy and Climate Package
SUMMARY

• Binding Targets20 renewables, 20 GHG
  reduction, 20 energy savings, biofuels
• BenefitsLarge scale innovation in the energy
  sector
• Energy security reduction of oil and gas import
  of 50 billion per year (at 61 per barrel of
  oil)
• CostsDirect cost increased energy and non
  CO2 mitigation cost to meet both targets
  domestically 0.6 of GDP in 2020, or some 90
  billion
• Way of introductionEmission costs new
  technologies

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Regional Office of Silesia in Brussels
European Regulations (coal, CO2 emissions)
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !!!
Jerzy Buzek, Member of the European
Parliament Rapporteur of the 7FP for RD in the
EU Rapporteur of the European Strategic Energy
Technology Plan (SET-Plan)
10.06.2008, Brussels