Human Body Development and Sexual Education

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Human Body Development and Sexual Education
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Contents

• Learning the anatomy
• Menstruation and egg/ovum development
• Sperm development
• Fertilization Sperm meets Egg
• STIs and why are we learning this

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Learning the male anatomy
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• In males, the testes (singular) or testicles
  (plural) are the organs that produce sperm cells.
  There are two testicles that sit in a pouch of
  skin called the scrotum, on the outside of the
  males body.
• (The testicles produce about 200 million sperm in
  one day!)
• As sperm cells travel up the vas deferens, a
  milky fluid is added by the prostate gland to
  provide nutrition and mobility for the sperm.
  Together, this fluid is called semen.
• During sexual arousal, semen then travels down
  the urethra, a tube in the penis. The penis is
  usually soft, but can become firm because of
  increased blood flow to the organ in response to
  sexual excitement. When the semen is released
  from the body, this is called ejaculation.

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Learning the female anatomy
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• Women have two ovaries, one on each side. The
  ovaries are where egg cells (ovum/ova) are stored
  and where they mature. They are born with all
  the ova they have during their lifetime
  (300,000-400,000). In other words, no new ova are
  produced after birth.
• The mature egg is swept into these tube-like
  organs, called fallopian tubes. The egg travels
  slowly down the fallopian tube to the uterus. It
  is where the fertilized egg stays and grows in
  the case of pregnancy. The fetus (fertilized
  egg) or the non-fertilized egg leaves the body
  through the cervix, the narrowed opening into
  the vagina.
• The vagina is surrounded by a thin tissue called
  the hymen and folds of skin called the labia.

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Menstruation
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• Usually begins between age 8-16 and stops between
  40-58.
• In general, one egg becomes mature each month
  (21-35 days) accompanied by the thickening of the
  tissues in the uterus (in the case of fraternal
  twins, it would be 2).
• When the egg is not fertilized (no pregnancy
  occurs), the mature egg and the broken-up
  thickened lining are sloughed off, and thus the
  bleeding. This is known as menstruation, or
  having the period. Before this, mucous is
  sometimes secreted.

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• A womans period typically lasts about 3-7 days
• A woman is most likely to get pregnant from 5
  days before to 2 days after ovulation
• Cycles can synch up with between women
• Cycles can also be regulated through the use of
  birth control pills, which mimic the hormone
  cycle and bleeding, without inducing ovulation
  (releasing the mature egg)

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Sperm Development
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• Typically takes 64 days for a spermatogonium to
  mature into a spermatid requires testosterone
• Mature in the seminiferous tubules in the testes
  gain tails, DNA condensation, acrosome formation,
  mitochondria development, etc.
• Temperature sensitive scrotum can retract or
  relax toward or away from body heat
• Dietary deficiencies (such as vitamins B, E and
  A), anabolic steroids, metals (cadmium and lead),
  x-ray exposure, dioxin, alcohol, and infectious
  diseases will also adversely affected the rate of
  spermatogenesis.

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Fertilization
Fertilization If sperm meets and penetrates a
mature egg after ovulation, it will fertilize it.
When the sperm penetrates the egg, changes occur
in the protein coating around it to prevent other
sperm from entering. The nuclei fuse together,
forming the complete genetic make-up for the
embryo
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Pregnancy

• Implantation Within 24-hours after
  fertilization, the zygote (fertilized egg) begins
  dividing rapidly into many cells. It continues to
  divide as it passes slowly through the fallopian
  tube to the uterus where its next job is to
  attach to the endometrium in the uterus (a
  process called implantation).
• Within three weeks, the blastocyst cells begin to
  grow as clumps of cells within that little ball,
  and the baby's first nerve cells have already
  formed. A developing baby is called an embryo
  from the moment of conception to the eighth week
  of pregnancy. After the eighth week and until the
  moment of birth, a developing baby is called a
  fetus.

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STIs

• Sexually transmitted infections
• Bacterial vaginosis
• Chlamydia
• HPV (papilloma virus)
• Genital Herpes
• Gonorrhea
• Hepatitis B
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
• Syphilis
• Trichomoniasis
• HIV

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• Commonly cause redness, swelling, itching,
  burning sensation when urinating, colored
  discharge
• some infections show little or no signs
• Many can cause sterility (inability to have
  children) in men and women
• Hepatitis can cause liver cancer, or liver
  failure and death HPV can cause cervical cancer
  HIV attacks the immune system and causes death

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Other stuff

• There is a mental, emotional and spiritual side
  of human body development and sex, not just a
  physical side
• Be informed so that you can keep yourself and the
  people you care about safe, healthy and in
  control of your/their own life

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Sex and Christianity

• Be imitators of Godamong you there must not be
  even a hint of sexual immorality or of any kind
  of impurity, or of greed, because these are
  improper for Gods holy people. Nor should there
  be obscenity, foolish talk or coarse joking,
  which are out of place, but rather thanksgiving.
  For of this you can be sure No immoral, impure
  or greedy person has any inheritance in the
  kingdom of Christ and of God.
• - Ephesians 51,3-7

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Final Review

• Learning the anatomy
• Menstruation and egg/ovum development
• Sperm development and ejaculation
• Fertilization Sperm meets Egg
• STIs and why are we learning this