13th CENTURY ENGLAND

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13th CENTURY ENGLAND

• WATCH SYSTEM protected Englands larger
  cities, like London.

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13th CENTURY ENGLAND

• WATCHMEN
• patrolled at night and protected against
  robberies, fires, and disturbances within their
  church parish.

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JUSTICE OF THE PEACE

• created in the 1300s to assist the shire reeve
  in controlling the shire.

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CONSTABLE

• Became an assistant to the Justice of the Peace
  and helped to supervise the Watchmen,
  investigating offenses, serving summons,
  executing warrants, and securing prisoners.

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WATCHMEN

• Eventually, the watchmen became the first paid
  police force.

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BOW STREET RUNNERSHenry Fielding

• One of the first local police agencies.
• Good, but disorganized.

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BOBBIES1829

• Sir Robert Peel
• Military structure

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AMERICAN COLONIES

• What government did the American Colonies look at
  for help in developing their law enforcement
  system?

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AMERICAN COLONIESENGLAND

• County Shire
• Sheriff Shire Reeve

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AMERICAN COLONIES

• Fee System Sheriffs received fixed amount for
  each arrest taxes collected and summonses served.

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AMERICAN COLONIESGROUP ACTIVITY

• Would a fee system like this work today?

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SHERIFF

• Originally he was appointed, but in the 17th and
  18th Centuries, they became elected.

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AMERICAN LAWTown Marshal

• Worked in the cities.
• Worked with constables, night watchmen and police
  justices to keep the peace.

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AMERICAN LAW

• Despite all of the law enforcement officers,
  enforcement of crime was primarily left to the
  individual or the community.

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SOUTHSlave Patrol

• Charged with the responsibility of capturing
  escaped slaves.

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WEST

• Rewards
• Rewards were offered for the capture of felons.

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VIGILANCE COMMITTEES

• Formed possees to capture felons
• The people who went out after felons were called
  vigilantes.

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VIGILANTES

• Vigilantes ended social problems like live stock
  theft by force or intimidation.

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VIGILANTES

• San Francisco Vigilance Committee pursued
  criminals until the mid- 19th Century.

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• WHAT IS THE NAME OF A MODERN DAY VIGILANTE GROUP?

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MODERN-DAY VIGILANTE GROUP

• GUARDIAN ANGELS

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WHO DO YOU THINK HAD THE FIRST POLICE DEPARTMENT?
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WHO DO YOU THINK HAD THE FIRST POLICE DEPARTMENTS?

• 1ST Boston- 1838
• 2nd New York- 1844
• 3rd Philadelphia- 1854

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FIRST POLICEDEPARTMENTS

• Replaced night watch system.
• Constables and Sheriffs then only served court
  orders, papers, and ran the jails.

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EARLY POLICE AGENCIES

• Police were corrupt, ineffective, politically
  appointed regardless of qualifications, brutal,
  high paid.

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EARLY POLICE AGENCIES

• Patrol was on foot, no backup or way to call for
  help.
• Response to a threat was sheer brutality.

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EARLY POLICEAGENCIES

• UNTRAINED AND UNPROFESSIONAL.
• POWER WAS UNCHECKED.
• PEACE KEEPERS, NOT CRIME FIGHTERS.