Gas Stoichiometry

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Gas Stoichiometry
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Ideal Gas Law

• We can now see how useful the ideal gas law.
• If we know the pressure, volume, and temperature
  for a sample of gas, we can calculate the number
  of moles present by using
• n PV/RT

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Gas Stoichiometry Calculating Volume

• Calculate the volume of oxygen gas produced at
  1.00 atm and 25ºC by the complete decomposition
  of 10.5 g of potassium chlorate.
• The balanced equation for the reaction is
• 2KClO3(s) ? 2KCl(s) 3O2(g)
• Find the moles of KClO3 in 10.5 g.
• Find the moles of O2 produced.
• Find the volume of oxygen produced.
• Answer 3.13L

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Review of Definitions!

• Molar volume The volume of an ideal gas at
  standard temperature and pressure is 22.4 L
• Standard Temperature 0ºC (273K)
• Standard Pressure 1.0 atm

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Calculations Involving Gases at STP

• A sample of nitrogen gas has a volume of 1.75 L
  at STP. How many moles of N2 are present?
• Could solve using the ideal gas law.
• But lets use a shortcut!
• Answer 7.81 x 10-2 mol N2

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Reactions Involving Gases at STP

• Quicklime, CaO, is produced by heating calcium
  carbonate, CaCO3. Calculate the volume of CO2
  produced at STP from the decomposition of 152 g
  of CaCO3 according to the reaction
• CaCO3(s) ? CaO(s) CO2(g)
• Using molar mass of CaCO3, calculate the number
  of moles of CaCO3.
• Find moles of CO2.
• Convert moles to volume, using molar volume.
• Answer 34.1 L CO2

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