Billings Refinery

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Billings Refinery
Billings, Montana
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The Process
Refining
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What do refineries do?
Refineries Convert Crude Oil Into a Wide Array Of
Products
Billings Refinery Products
Fuel Gas (Consumed) PG (Propane Butane)
Gasoline Jet Fuel Kerosene Diesel Fuel Coke
(Fuel Specialty)
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Crude Oil

• A mixture of complex hydrocarbons-not a single
  compound or element
• Characterized by region, gravity, and sulfur
  content
• The poorer the quality (heavier-higher sulfur),
  the more complex refining required to make
  saleable motor fuel products

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Refining Processes
Sorting
Rearranging
Crude Oil
Refined Products
Breaking
Purifying
Recombining
Blending
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Refining Processes
Rearranging
Sorting
Crude Oil
Refined Products
Catalytic Reforming
Fractional Distillation
Breaking
Purifying
Recombining
Blending
Alkylation
Product Blending
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Crude Oil Fractionation / Distillation

• Crude oil is heated to 750F (399C)
• Heated crude is separated into rough "cuts
• Different boiling point are drawn from the
  distillation tower
• Light compounds (fuel gas and LPG) rise to the
  top of the tower, Heavy material (asphalt) falls
  to the bottom of the tower

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• Fluidized Catalytic Cracking

Using a powdered catalyst that behaves like a
liquid when fluffed up with air, Cracking breaks
up low-valued molecules (fuel oil) into gasoline,
diesel and other processing unit feed stocks
(Alkylation)
CC
Olefins
Gasoline
Diesel
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• Delayed Coking

Using time and high temperature to break large
asphalt molecules into gasoline and
diesel Petroleum coke is a solid byproduct and
is blended with coal for use as a solid fuel in
power plants
Gasoline
Diesel
Road Paving Asphalt
Petroleum Coke
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• RECOMBINING / ALKYLATION

Making high octane gasoline with an acid catalyst
to combine isobutane with propylene and butylene
produced in the cat cracker and coker
Hydrofluoric or Sulfuric Acid As a Catalyst
Gasoline
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• CATALYTIC REFORMING

Using a precious metal catalyst to rearrange or
change the shape of a gasoline molecule to
improve the octane and liberate hydrogen
Platinum / Rhenium
Straight Chain (low octane) Molecules
High Temperature
Branched Chain or Ring (high octane) Molecules
plus Hydrogen
Low Pressure
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Purification / Desulfurization

• Molecules are purified using heat,
• hydrogen and catalysts
• Benefits
• Reduces harmful emissions from vehicles
• Reduces refinery emissions
• Sulfur is recovered for use in other products
• (Fertilizer, Paint, Textiles, Rubber,
  Medicines, etc.)
• Purification Processes
• Desulfurizers (Hydrotreaters)
• Treating
• Sulfur Recovery

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Product Blending

• Blend gasoline components to meet octane,
• vapor pressure, volatility, distillation,
  and sulfur
• specifications -- multiple grades
• Adjust operating parameters to ensure that
• Jet A / Kero product meets smoke point and
• freeze point specs
• Blend diesel components to balance cetane and
• cold flow properties (cloud point, pour
  point)

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Billings Refinery
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Our People The Leadership Team
Gerald Knoyle
Mike Hraban
Mike Wirkowski
Mechanical Mgr
Operations Mgr
Plant Mgr
18 Yrs Exp
20 Yrs Exp
30 Yrs Exp
Clint Young
Tim Seidel
Reed Marton
Tiffany Wilson
Finance PR Mgr
Technical Services Mgr
Human Resources Mgr
HSE Mgr
19 Yrs Exp
20 Yrs Exp
27 Yrs Exp
11 Yrs Exp
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Our PeopleRefinery Staffing Levels

• 285 ConocoPhillips Employees
• 75 Resident Contractors
• Long term contractors in various crafts or
  service jobs
• Local and Major Project support roles
• Refinery Turnaround Staffing Contractors
• 600 Maintenance Contractors Average Staffing
  for a Major T/A
• 1000 Maintenance Contractors Peak Staffing for
  a Major T/A

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History

• Started up in 1949 7.5 MBD
• Expansion in 1956 10.2 MBD
• Expansion in 1963 32.0 MBD
• Expansion in 1967 52.5 MBD
• Coker Project in 1992
• GOHDS in 1994
• ULSD in 2006
• Today 58 MBD
• Tomorrow -- Fractionation 72 MBD

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Site Location Land Use

• Southeast of downtown Billings
• ConocoPhillips owns over 200 acres of land
• 164 acres inside the fence, almost fully
  developed
• Surrounding land use
• North P.A.Y.S. Stockyard
• East - Yegen Ditch, I-90, Yellowstone River
• South Jupiter / Post Office
• West Commercial / Residential

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Community AffairsFinancial Support and Employee
Involvement

• Significant Community outreach via the CAC
• Actively involved in South / North Side
  neighborhoods
• Billings received EPA Clean Air Award in
  Washington DC
• First refinery ever to receive the EPA Energy
  Star Award
• Other events and organizations supported
• Yellowstone Head Start Montana Math Counts
• Laurel Technology Week MSU College Scholarships
• American Red Cross Multiple Sclerosis Society
• Billings Food Bank Friendship House
• Parents Unite for Kids American Heart Assoc.
• D.A.R.E. Ronald McDonald House
• Family Services, Inc. Montana Rescue Mission
• Relay For Life Partners in Education
• United Way

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Refinery Feedstock

• Crude
• - Majority by pipeline, almost entirely Canadian
• - Less than 1 by truck from local areas
• Natural Gas
• - Hydrogen production
• Field Butane
• - Additional feed in the Alkylation unit
• Transmix

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• Rockies Crude Pipe Lines

Edmonton
Hardisty
Rangeland PL
Milk River
Cutbank
Express
Conoco Glacier
Front Range
Buffalo
MT
Equilon
Billings
Belle Fourche
Baker
Beartooth
MAPL
Exxon Mobil
Silver Tip
ID
Red Butte
Butte PL
Belle Fourche
Big Horn
Casper
WY
Platte
Amoco
Guernsey
Platte
Conoco
UT
Conoco
UDS
CO
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Refinery Overview

• Feedstock Canadian Crude Oil delivered by
  pipeline
• - Local production lt 1, delivered by truck
• Other Feedstock Field Butane via PL, truck
  rail
• Central Control Building (CCB), west of process
  units
• - Controls most refinery processes via DCS
• Process block is divided into three major areas
• - Combination Area
• - Condensate Area
• - Coker Area

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Combination Area

• 2 Crude Topping Units, 1 Vacuum Unit
• FCC unit and associated gas recovery plant
• No. 1 Catalytic Reformer CRU
• - Operates intermittently
• Support Units
• - Amine Unit
• - Sour Water Stripper
• - Hydrogen Purification Unit (Membrane)

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Condensate Area

• No. 2 HDS (Distillate Desulfurizer)
• - Treats crude tower overhead (CTOH)
• Saturated Gas Plant
• Hydrofluoric Alkylation Unit (HF Alky)
• Butamer Unit, PB Merox
• No. 2 Catalytic Reformer (CRU)
• - Regenerated twice per year
• Feed Prep Butamer
• - Converts field butane into NC4 IC4
• Amine Unit / Saturate Gas Plant
• - Sends H2S to Jupiter (COP JV)

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Coker HDS Area

• Coker
• Hydrogen (H2) plants
• Cryogenic gas plant
• Gas Oil hydrodesulfurizer (GOHDS No. 4 HDS)
• Diesel hydrodesulfurizer (ULSD No. 5 HDS)
• Gasoline Merox unit
• Sour Water Stripper

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BILLINGS REFINERY CLEAN PRODUCTS MARKETING
Montana N-85.5, N-91 9.0 RVP
Calgary
E Wash/W Mont N-87, N-91/N92 9.0 RVP
Yellowstone P/L
Seattle
Regina
Spokane

Moses Lake
Great Falls
Missoula
Thompson Falls
Portland
Minot
Pasco
Helena
Chevron P/L
Glendive
Cenex P/L
Billings
Seminoe P/L
WYO, NEB, SD N-85, N-91 9.0 RVP
Bozeman
Boise
Sheridan
Pioneer P/L
Rapid City
WYCO P/L
SLC/ID N-85, N-91 7.8/9.0 RVP
Casper
Rock Springs
Cheyenne P/L
Sinclair
Sidney
Salt Lake (LRVP)
Cheyenne
N. Platte

• Five pipeline/terminal systems serving
  relatively isolated regional markets
• Five distinct niche market areas varying
  price/supply economics, and, seasonal product
  specs
• Numerous competitors in several relatively
  limited incremental markets PNW/PADD 5, Canada,
  Rockies/PADD 4, PADD 3
• Highly seasonal demand patterns both volume
  (gas/dist) grade (gas)
• Larger demand areas Denver Metro, SLC Valley,
  Spokane

Grand Junction
Scott City
Denver
Denver N-85, N-91 7.8 RVP
Borger/Denver P/L
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Product Transportation

• Yellowstone and Seminoe pipelines
• Joint ventures operated by ConocoPhillips
• Transports majority of gasoline and diesel
• Trucking
• Approximately 8 of product volume
• Rail
• Approximately 2 of product volume