Ready to Run

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Ready to Run?

• --Sprinting--
• The Muscles and Bones of the Upper and Lower Leg
• Christina B., Natalie R., Jaclyn K., Caroline S.
• Anatomy 6

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The Leg Muscles

• The six major muscle groups of the leg include
  the 1) quadriceps 2) hip flexors aka illiopsoas
  3) adductors 4) hamstrings 5)Gastrocnemius 6)
  tibialis anterior

Hip flexors 1) Iliacus, 2) Psoas majora/minora
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What and Where they Are

• Quadriceps a group of muscles lying on the
  front of the thigh
• Main Muscle Action to
  straighten the leg
• Hip Flexors two muscles that connect part of
  the lower spine and hip bone to the top of the
  thigh
• Main Muscle Action To lift the
  leg to the front
• Adductors A group of muscles lying on the
  inside of the thigh
• Main Muscle Action To move the leg
  towards the mid-line of the body
• Hamstrings A group of muscles lying on the
  rear of the thigh
• Main Muscle Action To flex or curl the
  lower leg relative to the upper leg

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Muscle Function cont.

• Gastrocnemius Soleus Two muscles lying on the
  rear of the lower leg
• Main Muscle Action To point the foot
  downwards
• Tibialis Anterior A muscle lying mainly on the
  front of the lower leg
• Main Muscle Action To point the foot
  upwards

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Tendons, Ligaments and Bones- oh my!

• The bones of the leg used for sprinting include
  the Femur, Tibia and Fibula
• The iliacus, one of the 2 hip flexor muscles
  attaches from the hip to the femur. The Psoas
  Majora, the second of the hip flexor muscles,
  starts at the lumbar vertebrae and connects to
  the femur
• The tendons that hold our big six muscles to
  our bones are the hamstring tendon, illiotibial
  band, quadriceps tendon, and the patellar tendon-
  these are found around the knee joint

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• A few key ligaments in holding the bones of the
  leg together are the anterior cruciate ligament
  and the medial collateral ligament

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Fast Twitch vs Slow Twitch

• Fast Twitch muscles purposes are to provide
  rapid movement for short periods of time. They do
  not use oxygen, they use glycogen stored in
  muscles. This power source gives sprinters
  strength and speed.
• Slow Twitch muscles have fibers that have a
  slower contraction time. Unlike fast twitch, slow
  twitch use oxygen for power and have a
  predominance of aerobic enzymes. They are usually
  the large muscles (The legs, thighs, trunk, back
  and hips)

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Quick Differences between Runners Muscles

• Sprinters muscles are thicker than those of
  distance runners
• They also have longer muscle fibers than distance
  runners
• Both the longer fibers and smaller penetration
  angle gives sprinters the physiological advantage
  for high speed muscle contractions over distance
  runners

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-The End-