Speaking in Public

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Speaking in Public

• COMM 1201 Chapter 1 Render

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Speaking in Public

• Advantages
• Empowerment
• Employment opportunities
• Like conversation
• Must focus
• Verbalize your thoughts
• Knowing your listeners helps you adapt to
  conversation
• More planned than conversations
• More formal
• No slang/casual language not appropriate
• Should use standard English

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Employers

• Skills they look for
• Oral/spoken
• Written
• Listening
• Enthusiasm
• Technical skills
• Work experience
• Appearance
• Poise
• Resume
• Employment history (part-time summer)

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Nonverbal communicationpublic vs. conversation

• Public speakers more formal than ordinary
  conversation
• Physical distance greater for public speakers
• Public speakers plan and rehearse gestures
  and movements
• Public speaking is LESS fluid interactive
• Roles are more clearly defined remain stable

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Effective public speakers (summary)

• Plan speech
• Focus vocalize thoughts
• Adapt to listeners
• Use standard English (vocabulary grammar)
• More formal verbal communication

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Communication Process (model)

• Communication as Action consist of
• Source (speaker is source of information for
  audience)
• Encode (speaker translates his ideas/images into
  verbal/nonverbal symbols (code)
• Message (public speech what how it is said)
• Decode (what listener does to understand speakers
  message)
• Channels (how messages are sent visual
  auditory)
• Receiver (audience member who decodes message
  how this is done will depend on her experiences,
  attitudes, beliefs, values.
• To be effective, speaker should be audience
  centered.
• External noise (anything that interferes with the
  message such as noisy air-conditioner
• Internal noise (internal noise that interferes
  with your ability to focus on the message such
  as hunger, hot room or worry (psychological
  noise)

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Communication Process (model)

• Communication as Interaction consist of
• Feedback (head nods, facial expressions). Helps
  speaker to adjust message to communicate
  successful.
• Context (environment or situation in which speech
  occurs time, place, speakers/audiences
  cultural traditions/expectations

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Public Speaking has a Rich History

• 4th century B.C.
• Aristotle formulated speaking guidelines that are
  followed today
• 9th century
• Students practiced arts
• Declamation delivery of an already famous
  address
• Elocution showing emotion through posture,
  movement, gestures, facial expression, voice
• 20th century
• New era of speech-making using age-old traditions
  to meet todays challenges

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Diversity

• Todays speakers audiences must be sensitive to
  gender, ethnic and cultural issues which are
  crucial components to the context (speaking
  event)
• Speakers must adapt to diverse audiences
• Focus and consideration of audience will help
  guide speaker through each stage of speech
  preparation and delivery

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