The New Imperialism

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The New Imperialism

• World History
• Mr. Scherrman

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IMPERIALISM
What is it?

• Imperialism is a policy in which one nation
  conquers and controls one or more other nations.
• The conquered nations, which become controlled by
  outsiders, are called colonies.
• The control that a nation has over a colony can
  be economic, political, and/or social.

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What change do you think spurred the new trade
desire?
Why did Europeans go to such great distances to
get these raw materials?
Why might countries seek colonies?
Which continents are almost completely controlled
by other countries? Which continents are only
controlled by a few countries?
Which country has the largest colonial empire?
How many different countries have colonies?
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Causes of New Imperialism

• Economic Causes
• Need for natural resources
• Desire to expand markets
• Desire to invest profits
• Outlet needed for growing
• populations

• Political and Military Causes
• Bases needed for merchant
• and naval vessels
• National security
• Nationalism
• Prestige of global empire

NEW IMPERIALISM

• Technological Causes
• Medical knowledge
• Advances in weaponry
• Advances in overseas
• travel

• Social Causes
• Desire to spread Christianity
• Desire to share Western
• civilization
• Belief in Social Darwinism

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Why was Western Imperialism Successful?

• Weakness of non-western States.
• Older empires were in decline (Ottoman, Mughal
  India, Qing China) and turmoil in Africa.
• Europeans had strong economies, governments, and
  powerful armies navies.
• MAXIM machine gun

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Maxim gun
"If you want to make a lot of money, invent
something that will enable these Europeans to cut
each other's throats with greater facility."

• Invented by Hiram Maxim in 1883.
• Could fire 500 rounds per minute. The firepower
  of about 100 rifles
• Adopted by British Navy in 1889 and other
  European countries later.
• 1st used in Africa.
• Major psychological effect as well as a physical
  effect.

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Imperial Rule

• French Colonies
• Direct rule, the sending of French officials to
  the colonies to administer.
• British Colonies
• Indirect rule. Native colonists ruled. Native
  Children of rulers were sent to school in Britain
  to become future westernized leaders and uphold
  British demands.

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Imperial Rule

• Protectorates
• Local rulers are left in place but followed the
  advice of European advisors.
• Cost less and did not require a large commitment
  of military strength.
• Britain France used them in Africa.

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Imperial Rule
France
G. Britain

• Spheres of Influence
• Claiming exclusive investment or trading
  privileges within a conquered state.
• European carved up China
• U.S.A claimed Latin America and its sphere of
  influence.

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