Which direction do stars set Rise

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Start Up 1/7/08

• Which direction do stars set? Rise?
• What direction do the stars move then? Explain
  this.

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Agenda for 1/7/08

• Discuss planispheres.
• Play with software again?
• Moon phase video clip
• Moon phase notes
• Moon phase practice

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Moon Phases
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http//aa.usno.navy.mil/graphics/Moon_movie.gif
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The Source of Moon phases

• The Moons orbit around the Earth causes the Moon
  to have phases. The phases are NOT caused by the
  Earths shadow!

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What Phase?

• Waxing Crescent

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Waxing Crescent
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What Phase?

• First Quarter

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First Quarter
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What Phase?

• Waxing Gibbous

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Waxing Gibbous
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What Phase?

• Full Moon

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Full Moon
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What Phase?

• Waning Gibbous

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Waning Gibbous
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What Phase?

• Waning Crescent

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Waning Crescent
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• We will create a model of the Moon as it orbits
  around the Sun with a volunteers head as the
  Earth and a small ball as the Moon. We will use a
  light source as the Sun.

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Find the phase

• Find the position of the Moon that makes the Moon
  look like this.

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Find the phase

• Find the position of the Moon that makes the Moon
  look like this.

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Find the phase

• Find the position of the Moon that makes the Moon
  look like this.

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Find the phase

• Find the position of the Moon that makes the Moon
  look like this.

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Find the phase

• Find the position of the Moon that makes the Moon
  look like this.

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Find the phase

• Find the position of the Moon that makes the Moon
  look like this.

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Find the phase

• Find the position of the Moon that makes the Moon
  look like this.

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Moon Phases

• A few rules will help you understand Moon phases.

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Crescent Moon

• The Moon will be a crescent when it is closer to
  the Sun than you are.

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Gibbous Moon

• The Moon will be gibbous when it is farther from
  the Sun than you are.

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Waxing Moon

• The Moon will be waxing as it travels away from
  the Sun.

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Waning Moon

• The Moon will be waning as it travels toward the
  Sun.

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• These rules can be used to understand phases seen
  with other objects in other places.

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The Moon is at First Quarter because it is at the
same distance from the Sun as the Earth. Since
the Styrofoam ball is also on the Earth it shows
the same phase.
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Both the Moon and the water tower are closer to
the Sun than the photographer so both are
crescents. Is the Sun to the left or right of the
picture?
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The water tower on the left is even closer to the
sun so it is an even thinner crescent.
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Other Phases

• Earth Phases can be seen from the Moon.

Question Which is closer to the Sun, the Earth or
the Moon?
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Earthrise
Question Which is closer to the Sun, the Earth or
the Moon?
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Quarter Earth and Moon
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Gibbous Earth and Crescent Moon
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Video

• Moon Video

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Start Up 1/8/08

• List the phases of the moon in order beginning
  with a New Moon.

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Agenda 1/8/08

• Recap Moon phases
• Eclipses
• Tides
• Introduction to Seasons

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Other Phases

• Earth Phases can be seen from the Moon.

Question Which is closer to the Sun, the Earth or
the Moon?
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Earthrise
Question Which is closer to the Sun, the Earth or
the Moon?
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Quarter Earth and Moon
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Gibbous Earth and Crescent Moon
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Eclipses

• Eclipses occur when the shadow of one object in
  space covers another

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Lunar Eclipses
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Lunar Eclipses

• Lunar Eclipses occur when the shadow of the Earth
  covers the Moon. They can only occur during the
  Full Moon.

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The Earth is Round!

• The shape of the Earths shadow has long been
  used to see both the size and true shape of the
  Earth.

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Lunar Eclipses
Lunar eclipses can be seen from half the Earth.
More people get the chance to see Lunar eclipses
than Solar Eclipses.
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Solar Eclipses

• Solar Eclipses occur when the shadow of the Moon
  covers part of the earth. They can only occur on
  the New Moon.

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Partial Eclipse
Partial eclipses are seen when the Moon covers
only part of the Sun from the viewers location.
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Total Eclipse
Total eclipses are seen when the Moon covers all
of the Sun from the viewers location.
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Transit
An eclipse is similar to a transit. A transit
occurs when one astronomical object passes in
front of another. Here Venus is passing in front
of the Sun.
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Tides Tides are caused by gravity. It is not only
the strength of gravity that causes tides but how
gravity grows weaker with distance.
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The gravitational pull of the Sun or a planet is
greater on nearby objects.
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The gravitational pull of the Moon pulls ocean
water to the side of the earth facing the Moon.
Water is also left behind on the opposite side
of the Earth.
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• Both the Sun and the Moon create tides. The
  Moons tides are greater than those of the Sun.
  These two tidal cause can work together or
  opposite to each other.

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Tidal forces not only affect oceans but solid
surfaces as well. Io is the closest moon of
Jupiter . Tidal forces Io cause massive volcanic
activity
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Full Moon Names
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Farmer's Almanac Blue MoonThe 3rd full moon in a
quarter of a year that has 4 full moons. Most
quarters have only 3 full moons.
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Calendar Blue MoonThe 2nd full moon in the same
moon. Most months have only 1 full moon.This
term began as an error in a Sky and telescope
magazine article in 1946.
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Wolf MoonThe first full moon of the year.
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Snow MoonThe full moon of February.
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Lenten MoonThe full moon of March.
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Egg MoonThe full moon before Easter.
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• Full Harvest Moon
• The full moon closest to the Autumnal Equinox.

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• Hunters Moon
• The 1st full moon after the Harvest Moon.

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Faces in the Full Moon
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Full Moon Shapes