BACK IN TIME

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BACK IN TIME

• To the REAL Civil War

By Cassie F
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ONCE UPON A TIME

• I was on my current mission for Mrs. Farrells
  Social Studies class, jotting down notes of every
  black hole and star I passed, when I got an
  urgent call from our teacher to high tale it back
  to earth.
• And as the class as a whole, drove the ship
  through the depths of space to our ultimate
  destination- something must have gone wrong.
  Horribly wrong.
• You see, when our class descended upon earth the
  world was not how it should be.
• We landed in Mooresville, NC, with the president
  and everyone standing round, gazing at the class
  of twenty- some with wide eyes. From which point
  I realized scanning the crowd of faces, there was
  not a single colored person to be found.
• Congratulations on your fast return to earth!
  Shouts the president over the murmuring crowd.
  The president was still the same guy. The crowd
  of citizens looked the same. The world in general
  is the same. But there was something different. I
  shrugged it off and took the stand with the rest
  of the class when I heard someone crying out
  Stop! Please, stop!
• I looked over the turning heads of the crowd,
  trying to sort out what made the noise. And I saw
  it. A little Negro girls was being whipped to the
  classs dismay. Her head hung with downcast eyes
  of anguish and she couldnt have been more then
  six or seven. She was raw and red where her back
  should have been, and guy was laughing beside
  her, whipping her aboard a wooden stand designed
  to display her pains to the crowd below. The evil
  black whip WOOOOOOOSHEd through the air and
  smacked against her skin again.
• Ahh, the president commented upon the scene
  displayed before him,I see the whipping is right
  on time for your return ceremony. Let us
  celebrate.

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SO WHAT I DID

• CELEBRATE? I screamed at the president, You
  want to CELEBRATE? How could you do this to a
  poor, innocent girl?
• Cassie! Get down here this instant! You do not
  scream at the president do you here? Mrs.
  Farrell leaned across the stage with a big
  balloon red face full of anger.
• I reluctantly moved from the middle of the class
  line and all the gazes upon me in the complete
  silence that followed and dragged my feet over to
  the side of the stage, jumping off the side of it
  when I approached the edge.
• The president will jail anyone who speaks out
  about slavery! You of all people know that. The
  teacher glared down at me.
• I looked at my teacher and decided I had to do
  the right thing, even if I was jailed for it. I
  looked my teacher right in the eye and said, Im
  not shutting up!
• I glanced at the president, Slavery was
  abolished years ago! I can prove it too! I ran
  all the way back into this very room in BMS and
  grabbed a copy of my presentation on the floppy I
  had.
• This presentation on the Civil War, I wagged
  the floppy in front of the presidents face,I
  made before the class was sent into orbit. Mrs.
  Farrell gave me an A on it! Now well see whos
  right and wrong.
• The president ordered a computer to be brought to
  him, and one of the teachers on a cart wheeled a
  computer over and turned the PowerPoint on for
  him.
• He watched it intently. So did everyone else. So
  did the little black girl. I watched it too, and
  when it was finally done playing the president
  said, Well, if Mrs. Farrell gave you an A on
  this then it must be true! And he ejected the
  floppy and handed it back to me.
• And here is what it said

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JUST WHY DID IT HAPPEN?The scoop on the civil
war

• The civil war is sometimes called the War Between
  the States. And what this means is that an
  argument that could only be settled by fighting
  was carried out between the Union, or U.S.A and
  the Confederate States of America.
• How long did this argument over these issues
  last? About five years, from 1861-1865.
• It began one fine day with Confederate General
  P.G.T. Beauregard opening fire on Fort Sumter,
  Charleston Harbor, and lasted until 600,000 lives
  had been lost, and 5 billion dollars worth of
  damage had been done, 4 million more free black
  lives out there were established, and it lasted
  until the confederates put up the white flag of
  surrender.

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JUST WHY DID IT HAPPEN?The continuation

• What was this war all about, Ill tell you what.
  It was about the 11 southern states that had
  previously joined the U.S. of A, but then decided
  to form their own new allegiance, and get their
  independence from the north.
• They wanted Slavery, something the North was
  against. They wanted slavery to feed their
  families, grow their crops, provide money, and be
  aboard the upper class.
• The north didnt want slavery, why? Because they
  thought it was morally wrong, and that the United
  States name was being tarnished as we brought
  more enslaved peoples to America.
• And who would take care to banish slavery when
  elected- Abe Lincoln. And guess who was elected
  that year in 1860- Abe Lincoln.

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WHAT COULD HAVE STARTED IT ALL?The sinking ships

• As the south pulled away from the rest of the US,
  they seized most of the forts within reach. Fort
  Sumter was one of the first to go- also one of
  the most important.
• A ship was sent by the previous president leading
  up to the war- president James Buchanan. He sent
  the ship to send troops and supplies to Robert
  Anderson, but the ship failed to deliver, being
  driven off by minions of the South.
• When Lincoln was elected he knew that the troops
  guarding our borders from former enemies, were
  now in danger and that if the South did not put a
  stop to this, then it was time to go to war.

Abraham Lincoln vs. James Buchanan
And thats just what happened.
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THE ARMY OF ONE MARCHESget out of the way!!

• The US went to war with its self. Anderson had
  joined sides with the south and when he failed to
  comply to Lincolns orders, Lincoln had the ships
  open fire on the fort.
• On April 15th, Lincoln issued a proclamation that
  called upon 75,000 militia from the states.
• The next proclamation announced that ports would
  be blockaded, a third that 42,000 were needed in
  the army as volunteers and that 18,000 were
  needed to serve 1-3 years in the Navy.

President Davis was elected to head the southern
confederacy. Even states not in the confederacy
joined in Daviss army of one. Davis sent his
troops to be concentrated up in Tennessee and
northern Virginia- here, Lincoln worried the
capitol was in jeopardy.
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STRETEGIC STRATIGIZINGSUCCEEDSyou better watch
out!!!

• Strategies were made by both sides to overtake
  the other.
• Both sides had different war aims however. The
  confederacy sought independence and only had to
  defend itself.
• The north had a much tougher job- they had to
  invade the capitol, wage war, and force the
  southerners to give up their will to fight.
• The confederacy would win by prolonging the war
  until the North would financially be unable to
  fight.
• Yet despite all the North had to do, they won
  (with the help of the French of course).

Just a picture of Winfeild Scott staring at
you. Kind of scary lookin dont you think??

• Most of the war was at benefit of Scott. Winfeild
  Scott. He was said to have a brilliant mind, and
  to have conceived the long-range strategizing
  plans. It was named the Anaconda Plan, after a
  snake that squeezed its victims to death, just
  as the North was attempting to do to the south.
• They would invade from all sides, with the navy
  and the army, sweeping down the Mississippi
  river, thus dividing the confederacys eastern
  and western sides. The north would stop all
  trades with the confederacy and Britain, and even
  if the south would still be willing to fight, an
  estimated 300,000 men would carry out the second
  part of the plan.

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CRAZY CONFED.

• Yes this strategy won, even due to the fact that
  Scott had underestimated the length of time, and
  men. This strategy won the war, forcing the
  confederates to surrender in 1865.
• President Lincoln, although assassinated by John
  Wilkes Booth ( crazed confederacy member), lived
  long enough learn of Lees surrenders and to know
  the war was almost over.
• Peace overtures were made and although more
  generous terms to the agreement were made on the
  confederates side, Staton in charge of the peace
  overture was suspicious and the south had to give
  up its 37000 men and give into the same
  conditions that had been drawn up before the
  wars end.
• And out of the two sizable confederate armies
  that still remained, one in Louisiana and one in
  Texas, they both surrendered with flying colors
  as Jefferson Davis was captured in Georgia.

Booth- the crazy confed!
Davis- the captive in Georgia!
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THE STAKES WERE HIGH, THE COSTS WERE HUGE

• The cost of the war exceeded far more then anyone
  could have guessed. Of the 2.2 million men in
  uniform (among them 180,000 blacks), 640,000
  perished.
• The confederacy lost about 450,000 out of
  750-850,000.
• More Americans were killed in the Civil War
  than in all other American wars combined from the
  colonial period through the war in Afghanistan in
  2001. Says Encarta online.
• Thousands of families had financial difficulties
  after the war due to the death of husbands and
  fathers.
• The US government made pensions available for
  disabled veterans and widows of soldiers. Same
  with the south.
• But even so, these funds could not sufficiently
  supply for all the needs of a family.

• In 1860, the spending average was about 63
  million before the war, but four years later the
  expenditures totaled 1.3 billion for the North.
  This did not include the Souths.
• The south did suffer economic destruction to much
  more of an extent then the north did. 2/3 of the
  wealth were lost.
• Railroads and industries in the South were in
  shambles, more than one-half of all farm
  machinery was destroyed, and 40 percent of all
  livestock had been killed Northern wealth
  increased by 50 percent during that same decade,
  Southern wealth decreased by 60 percent. Says
  Encarta online.

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WE THE BLACK PEOPLE

• After the war, thousands of people joined the
  veterans organizations, revisited sites of the
  battles, raised monuments, and wrote
  reminiscences about their experiences in the long
  ago war.
• Blacks everywhere who fought for the union,
  fought for citizenship and argued over voting,
  because after they risked their lives along with
  the whites standing in the battlefield, they
  thought it was only fair to live like normal
  Americans.
• Women took up larger responsibilities, some had
  even dressed up as men to fight the war at the
  nations side.

• No group was more directly affected by the
  outcome of the war than the almost 4 million
  black people who were slaves in 1861.
• They emerged from the conflict with their
  freedom, which was confirmed by the 13th
  Amendment to the Constitution in December 1865.
• However, blacks did not have equal rights until
  long after the war. Says Encarta Online.

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WE ARE ALL EQUAL- OR NOT.

• In conclusion, it must be remarked that the
  Civil War did not raise blacks to a position of
  equality with whites. Nor did the war bring about
  that emotional reunion that Lincoln hoped for
  when he spoke in his first inaugural address of
  the bonds of affection that had formerly held
  the two sections together. -Encarta Says.