dPDR Objectives

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From EOS, through NPP, to NPOESS The Satellite
Climate Data Record
James Gleason James Butler NASA Goddard Space
Flight Center
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NPP Data Products

• Dr. Gleason is a research scientist at Goddard
  Space Flight Center. He received his Ph.D. in
  Chemistry from the University of Colorado,
  performing laboratory gas phase kinetic studies.
  He has done atmospheric remote sensing with the
  SBUV/TOMS instruments and has served as the EOS
  Aura Project Scientist.
• Dr. Gleason is the Principal Investigator of the
  Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) data product from OMI on
  EOS Aura. Dr. Gleason completed a 3 year detail
  to NASA Headquarters as the Tropospheric
  Chemistry Program Manager.
• Dr. Gleason is a member of the EOS OMI and NPP
  Science Teams and a member of the ESA Global
  Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) Science
  Advisory Group

Dr. James Gleason NPP Project Scientist NASA GSFC
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From EOS, through NPP, to NPOESS The Satellite
Climate Data Record
James Gleason James Butler NASA Goddard Space
Flight Center
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Research Instruments to Operational Instruments
Operational Data to Climate Data
Climate
Research
Operations

• Traditional
• Ad-Hoc Operational Data Set Improvement
• Limited by operational algorithms and instrument
  calibration
• Future
• NPOESS Paradigm
• Build research features into operational
  instruments
• Strong IORD Requirements

• Traditional
• Demonstrate New Measurements
• Show Improvements to Forecast
• Implement new measurements on operational
  platforms
• Send new data to NWP centers

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Research to Operations to Climate
Pre Nunn-McCurdy NPOESS Convergence of 3
systems DoD Operational DOC
Operational NASA/NOAA Climate Post
Nunn-McCurdy NPOESS Convergence of 2.5
systems DoD Operational DOC Operational Partial
NASA/NOAA Climate Climate-only sensors
de-manifested IORD Requirements still valid The
challenge of converting operational data to
climate data remains
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OMPS Limb sub-system de-manifested Produced
high resolution O3 profiles
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17 potential CDRs 8 with Pre-EOS Data Records
Cloud Cover, Cloud Height, Ocean
Color, Vegetation Index, SST, Sea Ice, Atm
Temp, Ozone
Land Surf Temp, Surface Type, Surface Albedo,
Snow Cover, Cloud OT, CTT, Atm Moist
Prof, Aerosol AOT, Aerosol Part. Size
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NPP/NPOESS Continues Data Record
Year
Measurement System
Conventional Operations EOS Technology Jump
Research Quality Operations
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MSU Tropospheric Temperature Trends
Zou et al., JGR-Atm, 111 (D19) D19114 OCT 14
2006
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Global Trend Compared to Data from SSU/MSU and
Radio Sondes
GHG Contribution
Trend vs Data
Ozone Contribution
Figures from Shine et al, Q. J. R. Meteorol.
Soc., 129, 1565 , 2003
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ATMS/CrIS Sensors Produce Atmospheric
Temp/Humidity Profiles
CrIS ATMS
1.25-Orbit Data Dump
50 Cross track Scans
RDR Raw Data Record SDR Sensor Data
Record EDR Environmental Data
Record
RDRs
RDRs
Decode Spacecraft Data
Central or Regional Ground Stations
CrIS Swath 2200km
SDRs
SDR Algorithms
Co-located ATMS SDRs
ATMS Swath 2500km
3x3 Array of CrIS FOVs (Each at 14-km Diameter)
EDRs
EDR Algorithms
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Temperature Water Vapor Profiles

• Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder
• Scanning passive microwave radiometer
• Combines 3 instruments
• AMSU A1 / A2, MHS
• 22 channels (23GHz - 183GHz)
• Status
• Flight Unit on Spacecraft

• Cross-Track Infrared Sounder
• Michelson Interferometer
• 3 bands (3.5 µm - 16 µm)
• Status
• Flight Unit Failed Vibration Test
• 1 year delay in delivery

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Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite

• Description
• Purpose Global observations of land, ocean,
  atmosphere parameters at high temporal resolution
  ( daily)
• Predecessor Instruments AVHRR, OLS, MODIS,
  SeaWiFS
• Approach Multi-spectral scanning radiometer (22
  bands between 0.4 µm and 12 µm) 12-bit
  quantization
• Swath width 3000 km

• Status
• EDU Finished T/Vac testing
• Flight Unit 1 Development continues
• Working issues identified in EDU T/Vac

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Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite

• Description
• Purpose Monitors the total column and vertical
  profile of ozone
• Predecessor InstrumentsTOMS, SBUV, GOME,
  OSIRIS, SCIAMACHY
• Approach
• Nadir push broom
• CCD spectrometers
• Swath width 2600 km
• Algorithm Status Use TOMS/SBUV heritage
  approaches for Nadir Instruments

• Status
• Brass Board Main Electronics Box complete
• Flight Unit 1 Assembly underway
• Limb Sub-System De-manifested

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NASA/NOAA Satellite Total Ozone
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Multi-Instrument Ozone Profile Data
Limb Scatter data shows good agreement with past
and current ozone profile data. OSIRIS data
courtesy of University of Saskatchewan
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Ozone Trend Analysis
Total Ozone
Integrated Profile Ozone
Figure from Yang et al, JGR-Atm 111, D17309, 2006
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Ozone Profile Trend Analysis
Lower Stratosphere N Mid Lat
Lower Stratosphere Tropics
OMPS Limb enables use of stratospheric ozone as a
diagnostic for global change understanding
O3 figure from Yang et al, JGR-Atm 111, D17309,
2006
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NASAs NPP Science Role

• Climate data record (CDR) a time series of
  measurements of sufficient length, consistency,
  and continuity to determine climate variability
  and change. (NRC CDRs from Env. Sat. 2004)
• CDR Definition of Consistent
• all temporal sensor artifacts removed
• no obvious interannual discontinuities
  unattributable to natural variability
• all known mission-dependent biases removed or
  quantified
• similar data quality and structure
• The NPP Science Charter is to Continue the
  scientific data record started in the EOS era.
• NASA is moving toward Measurement-based, not
  Mission-based, science and data processing
  teams.
• Integrated EOS/NPP/NPOESS Satellite data records
  will be produced.

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Backup Slides
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OMPS Scanning Track
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Satellite vs Ground-based Total Ozone
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VIIRS Relative to AVHRR and MODIS

• VIIRS has 22 bands, 16 radiometric bands, 5
  imaging band and 1 DNB. MODIS has 36 and AVHRR
  has 5.
• VIIRS replaces the paddle wheel mirror on MODIS
  with a rotating telescope (SEAWIFS) and a
  half-angle mirror design. (Less scattered light
  than MODIS)
• VIIRS has the solar diffuser and solar diffuser
  monitor as on MODIS but not the
  spectroradiometric calibration assembly.
• VIIRS does not have the 0.94 mm water bands, the
  6.7 mm water vapor bands and the longwave CO2
  bands. All of which have been used for cloud
  products.

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MSU Tropospheric Temperature Trends
C. A. Mears et al., Science 309, 1548 -1551
(2005)