Open Access

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Open Access
Increasing points of access a guide to metadata
harvesting
Niamh Brennan Trinity College Dublin Garret
McMahon Trinity College Dublin
A Pictures Worth a Thousand Euros Return on
Investment? How to improve the cultural AND
commercial potential of your image collection.
MILE Conference London January 28th 2009
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Whats the issue?

• Providing the public with digital access to a
  collection of images is a necessity, but simply
  publishing them online doesn't make them
  accessible
• - Charlotte Sexton, Deputy Head New Media, The
  National Gallery

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Interoperability
Whats the solution?
the ability of systems, services and
organisations to work together seamlessly toward
common or diverse goals.
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Interoperability for discovery of and access to
images

• Requires OPEN STANDARDS for both
• Communication between systems (digital archives,
  repositories, etc.)
• and
• 2. Description of resources and collections

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OAI Metadata Harvesting What is it?

• OAI-PMH (Open Archives Initiative Protocol for
  Metadata Harvesting) is a protocol developed by
  the Open Archives Initiative
• Based on standards that are Open and freely
  available
• Can support any metadata schema
• Can be incremental
• Supports federated discovery services based on
  aggregated and shared metadata

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What are they using?

• Open Archives Initiative (standard) compliant
  repositories
• Agreed set of metadata
• OAI Harvester ( validator, aggregator)
• Front end

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OAI Harvesting How it works
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OAI Harvesting How it works

Data Provider (Digital Libraries)
Service Provider (Portal to aggregated content)
Get
OAI Harvester
List
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Discovery of, and access to, images across
distributed digital libraries/archives can be
achieved easily and cost-effectively via metadata
harvesting
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Interoperability for discovery of and access to
images

• Requires OPEN STANDARDS for both
• Communication between systems (digital archives,
  repositories, etc.)
• and
• 2. Description of resources and collections

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• Research publications
• Etheses
• Epublishing/Grey Literature
• Images

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IReL-Open Initiative

• Higher Education Authority -funded under
  Strategic Innovation Fund
• National Development Plan
• Research as critical to economic development
• National research profile
• Managed by the Irish Universities Association

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OAI Harvesting is not a panacea
It needs help!
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From Sefton, Peter (2009) What the OAI-ORE
protocol can do for you, blog entry, PSetfton,
14/10/2008http//ptsefton.com/2008/10/14/what-the
-oai-ore-protocol-can-do-for-you.htm
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Combined approach

• Standardisation mapping agreement on same
  terms where possible
• Dumbing down mapping exposure of lowest
  common denominator terms only eg 1 date field
  only
• Normalisation at harvester end
  harvester/validator automatically understands
  and re-labels data

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Agreement on a Core Set of Metadata Elements for
harvesting

• Use Simple i.e. unqualified Dublin Core as the
  foundation for the Core Set
• Ensure that the Core Set adequately represents
  the essential fields covered by the major
  metadata schemas
• Keep the number of mandatory fields to a minimum
• Map the corresponding element/s in richer
  metadata schemas used locally to the elements in
  the Core Set
• Expose only the elements corresponding to the
  Core Set for harvesting
• At the local level document the mapping
  cross-walk used (eg. CDWAlite to Dublin Core,
  VRA Core to Dublin Core) and which elements are
  exposed for harvesting

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Trintiy College Dublin VRA 3.0 to Qualified
Dublin Core Crosswalk page 1
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VRA Core to IEEE LOM
VRA Core 3.0/4.0/IEEE LOM Crosswalk for UCD
School of Architecture/National Digital Learning
Repository (NDLR) harvest/bulk upload Version
2.0 NB/JC 2009
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Where is the Value?

• Maximum impact exposure works for commercial
  agencies and for publicly-funded institutions
• Lightweight, easy implementation
• Re-use of expensively created metadata for
  multiple purposes
• Local control /national, international,
  specialist applications

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Interoperability
Whats the solution?
the ability of systems, services and
organisations to work together seamlessly toward
common or diverse goals.
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• OPENING UP THE GATES OF KNOWLEDGE A BEGINNERS
  GUIDE TO OAI-PMH , TrustDR Supporting Report ,
  Version Control V1 8/May/06Authors David
  Dripps, John Casey Jackie Proven
  http//trustdr.ulster.ac.uk/work_in_progress/suppo
  rting_reports/Opening_up_the20Gates_OAI-PMH.php
• OAI for Beginners - the Open Archives Forum
  online tutorial http//www.oaforum.org/tutorial/
• National Library of Australia initiatives using
  the Open Archives Initiative protocol for
  metadata harvesting http//www.nla.gov.au/nla/staf
  fpaper/2003/boston1.html2a
• Dewatripont, M et al. (2006) Study on the
  economic and technical evolution of the
  scientific publication markets in Europe. Final
  Report. January 2006. DGResearch,European
  Commission. Available at http//ec.europa.eu/rese
  arch/science-society/pdf/scientific-publicationstu
  dy_en.pdf
• Hegg, Kevin and Knab, Andreas. (2008)
  Interoperability 2008 ARLIS/NA-VRA Summer
  Educational Institute, July 11, 2008  
  http//www.vraweb.org/seiweb/SEI2008_Presentations
  /SEI2008_Interoperability.ppt
• Baca, Murtha (2008) Using Metadata Schemas to
  Encode and Disseminate Information and Images,
  MILE Metadata Classification Conference
  Semantics, Semiotics, and Structures, London,
  18 January 2008
• http//www.mileproject.eu/asset_arena/document/AL
  /BACAFORMILE_at_LONDON2008PART1FINAL.PDF
• Baca, Murtha (2008) Creating Integrated Access to
  Collections On Line Metadata Harvesting, MILE
  Metadata Classification Conference Semantics,
  Semiotics, and Structures, London, 18 January
  2008 http//www.mileproject.eu/asset_arena/documen
  t/AL/BACAFORMILE_at_LONDON2008HARVESTINGFINAL.PDF
• Digital Library Federation (2007) Best Practices
  for OAI Data Provider Implementations and
  Shareable Metadata A joint initiative between
  the Digital Library Federation and the National
  Science Digital Library. http//webservices.itcs.u
  mich.edu/mediawiki/oaibp/?TableOfContents
• Sefton, Peter (2009) What the OAI-ORE protocol
  can do for you, blog entry, PSetfton,
  14/10/2008
• http//ptsefton.com/2008/10/14/what-the-oai-ore-p
  rotocol-can-do-for-you.htm accessed 26/01/09
• DRIVER Guidelines Version 2.0 (2008) Guidelines
  for content providers - exposing textual
  resources with OAI-PMH, November 2008
  http//www.driver-support.eu/documents/DRIVER_Gui
  delines_v2_Final_2008-11-13.pdf accessed
  26/01/09
• Arms, Caroline R. (2003) Available and useful
  OAI at the Library of Congress in Library Hi Tech
  21, (2), 2003, pp 129 - 139 http//memory.loc.gov
  /ammem/techdocs/libht2003.html accessed
  26/01/09

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Open Access
Niamh Brennan Trinity College Dublin
Phone [phone] Email niamh.brennan_at_tcd.i
e
Garret McMahon Trinity College Dublin
Phone [phone] Email niamh.brennan_at_tcd.i
e