Kotkaklubi1 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Title: Kotkaklubi1


1
ATTITUDE OF ESTONIAN POPULATION TO THE
RESTRICTIONS RELATED TO THE BIRD PROTECTION
2008

• Hella Kaldaru

2
RESEARCH METHOD

• This report bases on the survey about the
  endangered bird species that was carried out
  among the population by Omnibus 11/2008
• 15-74 yrs. aged Estonian population was the
  sample of the survey
• The sample size was 1000 respondents
• The results of the survey represent the opinions
  and behaviour of the whole population of this age
• The multistage random sample was the basis of the
  selection of the respondents
• The determined start address in a sample point
  and the rule of the youngest man at home were
  used for the respondents selection
• The interviews were conducted in the households,
  one per a household
• The data have been weighted according to the
  official statistics of age and gender
• The allowed statistical error on the 95
  reliability level is 3,1
• The fieldwork of the research took place in 2008,
  November 6-19
• The same questionnaire was used in 2004

3
SUMMARY

• In general, the results of the surveys conducted
  in 2008 and 2004 differ little, although there is
  some notable progress in peoples awareness of
  endangered birds. The most positive changes have
  taken place in the understanding of those
  residents who have had contact with endangered
  birds and to whom the main focus of the current
  informing work has been directed.
• As compared to the earlier results, the role of
  eagles in Estonian nature and their endangered
  situation are now somewhat more recognized. They
  are seen as a threat to our fish and game
  resources less often than before.
• Among the respondents in whose home surroundings
  there are birds nesting, the attitude towards
  creating a protected area for eagles or black
  storks on their lands has become somewhat more
  concrete there are slightly more of those who
  would consent to that than before, but also those
  who are opposed. There are, nevertheless, very
  few direct opponents (8).
• The main reasons why people do not want a
  protected area on their lands are the
  restrictions in economic activities.
• People, in whose home surroundings the named
  birds nest, expressed a keener interest in their
  lifestyles and wellbeing than before and would be
  more actively ready to do something for the
  benefit of the birds.
• The most important sources of information
  regarding the birds are still radio and
  television, but the role of the Internet has also
  become noticeably more important. Personal
  contacts, school, and thematic events have become
  more relevant than before.
• Nevertheless, 80 of the respondents admitted
  that they are insufficiently informed, of whom
  over half do not even want to learn anything more
  on that issue.
• Being uninformed and lacking the desire to
  receive information is considerably higher among
  non-Estonians, particularly among the
  non-Estonian speaking population of small towns
  in North Estonia, than among Estonians, although
  40 of non-Estonians also have knowledge of and
  interest towards the given topic.
• Informing work continued to be held as the most
  important step that should be taken in the
  protection of the birds.
• Regarding conditions for which people would be
  ready to donate money, the protection and
  maintenance of nesting areas and creating
  protected areas were emphasised. People would
  also be ready to give personal money for
  informing work and the conducting of necessary
  research.
• The respondents who had closer contacts with the
  birds also attached more importance to direct
  communication with the involved land owners and
  resolving issues related to compensations.
• In terms of knowledge regarding the birds, the
  younger and particularly the youngest generation
  was weaker than the older generation. By regions,
  the awareness and activity was lower in Tallinn
  and East-Viru County.

4
RESULTS IN CLOSER DETAIL

• Similarly to 2004, 40 of the respondents owned
  lands in 2008 as well.
• Out of the 9 bird species read out to the
  respondents, people continually thought that they
  would most easily recognise the white (89) and
  black stork (72). The storks were followed by
  the grey heron (40). Things were more
  complicated with the eagles the greatest
  proportion (30) of the respondents thought that
  they would recognise the white-tailed eagle, with
  the least (5) believing they would recognise the
  short-toed snake-eagle. 7 of the respondents
  were of the opinion that they would not recognise
  any of the named birds. Every tenth respondent
  out of the younger group (15-39 years) of
  respondents would not recognise any of the birds
  the situation slightly improves with the older
  people.
• As compared to the survey conducted in 2004, the
  self-confidence of the respondents has somewhat
  decreased, but the ranking according to the
  recognisability has remained almost the same
  the storks still hold the first positions.
• By regions, the recognisability of birds varied
  more in terms of certain species black stork,
  grey heron, short-eared owl. The black stork is
  most frequently recognised in North Estonia and
  most rarely in East-Viru County. In the case of
  the grey heron, the tendency is exactly the
  opposite. In East-Viru County, the short-eared
  owls have been marked significantly more often
  than usual, just as they were in 2004. The number
  of those who did not recognise any of the species
  is above average in Tallinn and East-Viru County.
• The respondents were asked to name the 3 most
  threatened bird species on the list in question.
  The ranking that had been drawn out already in
  2004, was also repeated in this question the
  respondents considered the following species, by
  far, to be the most threatened species
• the black stork (51)
• the white-tailed eagle (29)
• the golden eagle (28)
• 35 of the respondents could not point out any
  species this number has grown (17 in 2004).

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RESULTS IN CLOSER DETAIL
Respondents who have seen eagles near their homes
considered the golden eagle endangered much more
frequently than the white-tailed eagle. As
compared to other respondents, they noticeably
more often classified the osprey and the spotted
eagle among the most threatened species. Similar
tendencies could also be noticed in the survey
conducted in 2004. By regions, the most daring
bird-determiners were the respondents in South
and Middle Estonia, while those of Tallinn and
East-Viru County were the most modest ones,
similarly to 2004. The proportion of those
respondents who have had personal contacts with a
black stork or eagle is small and almost the same
as it was in 2004. 80 of the respondents have
not seen eagles in their immediate vicinity, 72
have not seen a black stork. Only a very low
percentage of the population is aware of a
nesting spot. 38 of the land owners nevertheless
have some contact with the black stork. 27 of
the land owners know that there are eagles
nesting in their immediate vicinity. In both
cases, 1 of the land owners are aware that there
are nests on their lands. The respondents who
have seen the named birds in their surroundings
were asked how they would feel towards creating a
protected area for these species on their lands.
36 of such respondents would unconditionally
consent to the protected area, 26 on certain
conditions. 8 were clearly opposed to it and 30
could not form an opinion on that matter. The
main conditions were that the protected area
would not hinder the owners economic activities.
The responses differed from the results of 2004
by only a few per cent.
6
RESULTS IN CLOSER DETAIL

• Opinions on the situation and role of eagles in
  Estonian nature differed very little from those
  of 2004. Almost all residents were continually of
  the opinion that the eagles play an important
  role in nature and that they are the symbols of
  nature conservation. As compared to the data of
  the survey conducted in 2004, the average
  assessment has nevertheless slightly improved.
  The people are also slightly more conscious that
  the number of eagles is low and dropping. The
  proportion of those who think that the protection
  of the nesting spots of eagles damages the
  interests of land owners has slightly decreased
  earlier, too, this was suspected only by a small
  part of the residents. The attitude of land
  owners towards the issue was more positive than
  the average attitude, even regarding the question
  of the damage caused by the eagles.
• The two most important measures that should be
  put into practice, first and foremost, for the
  protection of the eagle and the black stork,
  continue to be the more efficient informing of
  people and creating protected areas. Both
  measures were mentioned by over half of the
  respondents. When compared to 2004, the aspect of
  informing has received a slight priority.
• The opinions on the sufficiency of information
  related to eagles divided almost exactly the same
  as it did in 2004 44 of the residents do not
  know anything and are not interested in any
  information, 20 are sufficiently informed, and
  36 are not sufficiently informed, but they would
  like to be.
• Just as before, the main sources of information
  related to the topic are the television and radio
  (49), which is followed by the press (26) and
  books (22). Nevertheless, the role of television
  and radio has slightly diminished, while the role
  of the Internet, in particular, has grown (from
  10 to 20), and, to some extent, the role of
  personal contacts, school and training, and
  nature-themed events as well. 26 of the
  respondents have not received information from
  anywhere. Among Estonians there were 20, and
  among non-Estonians there were 39 of such
  people.
• The Internet has climbed to second place,
  following school, among the youngest respondents.
  In the case of respondents who are aware of
  eagles nesting in their immediate vicinity, books
  (42) as well as personal contacts (37) are
  significantly more important than for other
  respondents.

7
RESULTS IN CLOSER DETAIL

• According to the opinion of the residents, the
  impact of joining the European Union was mainly
  positive for the protection of Estonian nature
  both in 2008 and 2004 particularly due to the
  increased attention on nature conservation.
• The willingness of the residents to donate a
  portion of their annual income for the protection
  of eagles or black storks has become slightly
  more severe when compared to 2004. Although those
  who would not want to pay at all form nearly one
  third of the respondents (31), and 13 can not
  or do not want to give any promises, over half of
  the population is willing to pay, but mainly when
  there is the right appeal. In general, the
  proportions nevertheless coincide with the
  attitudes of 2004. The willingness to donate
  without any conditions is considerably higher
  among the respondents who have had contacts with
  endangered birds than among other respondents.
• On the basis of free responses regarding the
  specific activities, in the case of which people
  would be willing to donate, the first position
  was held by everything related to building and
  maintenance of nests (59 times), which was
  followed by creating or maintenance of protected
  areas (34 times), and feeding the birds (20
  times). Informing, cleaning up pollution,
  conducting research and other similar activities
  were also mentioned. Some people indicated the
  need to keep the flow of money transparent. It is
  difficult to bring out fixed sums regarding the
  amount of donations, but the proportions are not
  very different from the results of 2004. Most
  frequently, the donated amount remained between
  EEK 50-100 (21), just as it did in 2004. Nearly
  half of the respondents did not give any response
  or would not pay anything.
• The people in whose close surroundings there are
  endangered birds nesting were more generous in
  their donations.

8
1. Structure of the sample. nall respondents
9
2. Percentage of the respondents considering to
recognize the bird species. nall respondents
10
3. The most endangered three bird species
nall respondents
11
4. Personal contacts with black storks and
eagles. nall respondents
BLACK STORK
EAGLES
12
5. Land ownersattitude to the creation of new
protected areas on their landsnhave a nest
nearby or see eagles and black storks often
13
6. Have had contacts with the birds during the
last years. nrespondents in a region
14
7. Opinions of the situation of eagles nall
respondents
y.2008
3,59
15
8. Opinions of the situation of eagles in
breakdown of nationalities
16
9. The most important measures to protect the
endangered birds. nall respondents
17
10. Sufficiency of the information about
eaglesnall respondents
18
11. Sources of information about eagles
nall respondents
19
12. Impact of joining the European Union on the
protection of Estonian nature nall
respondents
20
13. Readyness to donate for the protection of
eagles or black storks All respondents n980
21
14. How much money are the people going to donate
for the protection of eagles or black stork?
nall respondents
22
Project team

• Questionnaire and report Hella Kaldaru
• Field work managers Marina Karpištšenko, Rutt
  Vihtla, Kristel Toom
•  
• Data processing Kaire Siimon
• Graphs Hella Kaldaru
• Contacts
• Phone 6 684 859
• Fax 6 277 584
• E-post Hella_at_turu-uuringute.ee
• Homepage www.turu-uuringute.ee
• Address Tatari 6, 10 116 Tallinn