By: Julie Jevahirian - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 14

About This Presentation

Title:

By: Julie Jevahirian

Description:

Yellowstone National Park BY: JULIE JEVAHIRIAN What Year did Yellowstone Become an Official National Park and Why? Yellowstone became a National Park on March 1, 1872. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:98

Avg rating:3.0/5.0

Slides: 15

Provided by: BPS91

Category:

more less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: By: Julie Jevahirian

1
Yellowstone National Park

By Julie Jevahirian

2
What Year did Yellowstone Become an Official
National Park and Why?

Yellowstone became a National Park on March 1,
1872. Yellowstone became a National Park for the
enjoyment of people. Yellowstone was the first
national park in the world. It was also the
first to be dedicated to the practice of setting
aside special areas for the enjoyment of people.
Its 2.2 million acre wilderness with unlike any
other geothermal features that include hot
springs, mud pots, geysers, and fumaroles. Not
only does it entertain and fascinate people by
those features, Yellowstone also has the largest
mountain lake in North America, forests and
valleys, beautiful mountains, a Petrified Forest,
and wonderful wildlife. These are just some of
the amazing features that Yellowstone has. If
that is not enough I dont know what is to be a
National Park.

3
How Was Yellowstone Formed?

The main reason that Yellowstone was formed was
because of a big volcanic eruption. The reason
that it erupted was because Yellowstone is on a
big hotspot. A hotspot is weak spot in the
Earths crust. After a long period of time a lot
of gas built up in and under the volcano. Once
it couldnt take anymore it erupted. But there
was not only one that erupted, 3 did! These
three eruptions were the biggest three compared
to other volcanoes. The first and biggest
explosion happened over 2.1 million years ago,
the second one happened about 1.3 million years
ago and the third one happened just about 0.65
million years ago. The third and most recent
caldera overlaps the biggest and first caldera.
These eruptions formed Yellowstone and maybe even
more calderas will explode and make Yellowstone
even bigger!

4
What Type of Rocks can be Found in
Yellowstone?

There are many different kinds of rocks that
can be found in Yellowstone. Two of the major
rocks that are forming in Yellowstone called
Travertine and Geyserite. Geyserite is the most
common of the rocks in Yellowstone. It is formed
wherever Alkaline Hot Springs are bubbling out of
the ground. Some places you can see this rock
being formed are Upper Geyser Basin (where Old
Faithful and Castle geysers are located) and the
Fountain Paint Pot area in Lower Geyser Basin.
Travertine is another rock that is forming right
now. It is a relatively rare rock but it forms
most of the Mammoth Hot Spring terraces, near the
parks north entrance. Travertine is made of
calcium carbonate. Scientist have found many
other rocks in Yellowstone. There are just way
too many to count!

5
How is Technology used to Improve Yellowstone?

There are many different ways that Yellowstone
uses technology. One of the ways they use it is
to watch the major geyser, Old Faithful. They
use this to time when it will erupt and to do
studies on it. Another way they use technology
is they have raised up walking ways to keep
people off of the natural habitat. The walk
ways are made up of recycled plastic. To get the
plastic to the way it is they use big machines
and precise technology to get it just right.

6
What Environmental Issues are Affecting
Yellowstone?

There are many issues that are affecting
Yellowstone National Park. There are ix major
things that have been affecting Yellowstone and
have been solved or at least improved, which
include transportation, buildings, energy, waste
management and recycling, and pollution
prevention.
Transportation
Transportation throughout the park could
be one of the biggest issues Yellowstone is
facing. The first permit allowing private
automobiles to enter the park was issued in 1915.
In 1917, the park officially opened up to
automobile traffic. Today nearly 80 of all
visitors tour the park in about 1 million
vehicles. This much traffic can cause congestion
which can lead to animal jams. Animal jams
occur when many cars stop at once along a two
lane highway to view the wildlife. This is a
problem in both winter and summer. In winter,
most cars are replaced with snowmobiles which
produce more air pollution. At certain times
nearly 2,000 snowmobiles can enter the park in
one day. To improve this Yellowstone staff have
been conducting activities like these
The park has partnered with the state of Montana
to research bio-based fuels and lubrication oils
for vehicles. Surrounding communities, such as
West Yellowstone, have voluntarily implemented
bio-based lubrication oils in snowmobile rentals.

7
What Environmental Issues are Affecting
Yellowstone? (cont.)

Air quality is being tested at various congestion
areas to gather baseline snowmobile emissions
data.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is
drafting guidelines that could be incorporated by
2003, setting noise and emissions standards for
snowmobiles.
At the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)
Clean Snowmobile Challenge in March 200, several
universities were challenged to develop a
prototype snowmobile that retains todays
performance while reducing pollution and noise.
The University of Buffalo in New York developed a
4-stroke engine prototype that reduces typical
emissions by 99.
In a ride-sharing program now in its third year,
employees who live outside the park can be
transported on buses obtained through a
partnership with DOEs Idaho Engineering and
Environmental Laboratory. This program has
reduced traffic in the park by about 40 employee
vehicles per day.

8
What Environmental Issues are Affecting
Yellowstone? (cont.)

The Truck-in-the-Park Program introduced an
unmodified ¾ ton 4x4 diesel pickup truck used by
the maintenance department that in Phase 1 logged
121,000 miles running on 100 biodiesel fuel made
from rapeseed (canola) ethyl ester. Rapeseed is
harvested from Idaho and Montana the oil is then
extracted at the University of Idaho and combined
with ethanol made of potato waste from the food
processing industry. After 100,000 miles, a
teardown of the trucks engine indicated little
wear and no carbon buildup. The park has
developed a related education program for the
public. Phase 2 of this project involves
evaluating the trucks engine after the next
100,00 miles of operation.
Buildings
Yellowstone has several historic
structures, such as the Old Faithful Inn. Many
of these structured present opportunities for
grater energy efficiency through advanced
technologies as they are maintained, remodeled,
or replaced. In fact, existing and planned park
structured are being considered for
sustainability improvements. Several activities
have already started and some have been
completed.

9
What Special Landforms and Features are in
Yellowstone?

There are many different kinds of landforms
and features in Yellowstone. They are home of
10,000 thermal features, and 500 in which are
geysers. Yellowstone carries most of the worlds
geysers. One of the major and most known geysers
is called Old Faithfull. Another thing that
Yellowstone is known for is their Hot Springs. A
Hot Spring is a spring that is produced by an
emergence of geothermal heated ground water from
the Earths crust. These are the two main things
that Yellowstone is known for.

10
How is the Land Currently Changing in Yellowstone?

There are many different things that are
changing in Yellowstone. One of the major things
is the Hotspot that is underneath Yellowstone.
The Hotspot is gradually getting bigger over
time. About every year the Hotspot increases
about 1 inch, when getting bigger it starts to
leave a train of volcanic eruptions. Over about
16.5 million years approximately 15-20 massive
eruptions have left immense calderas to dot the
landscape from the Nevada- Oregon border through
Idahos Snake River to Yellowstone National Park.
Eventually, as time went on that was what
brought the Yellowstone area into contact with
the shallow body of magma.

11
Bibliography

Works Cited
Inc., ENSAR Group. "Greening Project Status
Report Yellowstone National Park." PDF. Aug.
2000. Web. 23 May 2010. ltgreening_yellowstone.pdfgt
.
Piehl, Janet. Yellowstone National Park.
Minneapolis Lerner, 2010. Print.
"Radio Guests - June 5, 2010 - Mammoth Hot
Springs Yellowstone National Park." Peter
Greenberg.com Travel News. 3 June 2010. Web. 4
June 2010. lthttp//www.petergreenberg.com/2010/06/
03/radio-guests-june-5-2010-mammoth-hot-springs-ye
llowstone-national-park/gt.
"Yellowstone National Park Geothermal Features."
Cool Cosmos! Web. 01 June 2010.
lthttp//coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/image_gallerie
s/ir_yellowstone/lessons/geothermal.htmlgt.
"Yellowstone National Park (U.S. National Park
Service)." U.S. National Park Service -
Experience Your America. Web. 03 June 2010.
lthttp//www.nps.gov/yell/index.htmgt.
"Yellowstone National Park." Wikipedia, the Free
Encyclopedia. 24 May 2010. Web. 04 June 2010.
lthttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowstone_National
_Parkgt.
"Yellowstone Rocks." Yellowstone Treasures
Information about Yellowstone National Park. Web.
04 June 2010. lthttp//www.yellowstonetreasures.com
/yellowstone_rocks.htm

12
Cool Links Photos!

Click on the link below to view the Hotspot
Tracker
http//www.nps.gov/yell/naturescience/tracking_hot
spot.htm
This is a picture of the Old Faithful Inn, the
famous Old Faithful Geyser and the rock called
Travertine

13
Pictures (cont.)