102 StructureFunction of the Organelles IIEnergeticsRespiration - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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102 StructureFunction of the Organelles IIEnergeticsRespiration
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... Function of the Organelles II Energetics/Respiration. Topic 5 ... Houses the machinery for aerobic respiration. Mitochondrial Structure/Function. Topic 5 ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation
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Title: 102 StructureFunction of the Organelles IIEnergeticsRespiration
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10-2 Structure/Function of the Organelles
II Energetics/Respiration
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Mitochondria
- 15-20 of liver cell volume
- More in muscle
- Associated fatty acid/oil droplets
- Function is intimately tied to membrane structure
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Mitochondria
- Membrane structure
- Outer membrane
- Complex inner membrane
- Deep folds cristae
- Large surface area
- Houses the machinery for aerobic respiration
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Membrane structure
- Two aqueous compartments
- Interior the matrix
- Between the inner and outer membranes
intermembrane space
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Membrane structure
- Inner Membrane
- gt 100 different polypeptides
- High protein lipid
- No cholesterol
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Membrane structure
- Outer Membrane
- Porins integral proteins
- Large internal channel
- Reversible closure
- When open permeable to molecules up to 5,000 Da
- ATP, NAD (lt 1,000 Da)
- Inner Membrane
- Impermeable to all molecules and ions
- Membrane transporters - important
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Mitochondrial Matrix
- Ribosomes smaller than in cytosol
- DNA circular
- Encodes mitochondrial polypeptides
- Integral in inner membrane
- Encodes two r-RNAs (12S and 16S)
- Encodes 22 t-RNAs
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Oxidative Metabolism
- Glucose - glycolysis in the cytosol
- Anaerobic
- Very small proportion of total available energy
liberated - Most remains in pyruvate
- Pyruvate and NADH
- Metabolized in two different ways
- Determined by cell type
- Use of oxygen
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Oxidative Metabolism
- Extracts large amounts of energy
- Enough to generate gt 30 ATP
- Pyruvate
- Transported into matrix
- Carboxylated and reacts with coenzyme A
- Producing Acetyl CoA
- Catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Oxidative Metabolism
- Acetyl CoA
- To TCA cycle
- Enzymes of the TCA cycle
- Succinate dehydrogenase
- Bound to the inner membrane
- All other TCA cycle enzymes
- matrix
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Oxidative Metabolism
- TCA cycle
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Mitochondrial Structure/Function
- Oxidative Metabolism
- TCA cycle
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