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A rejection of all forms of inductivism (both 'narrow' or na ve, and Hempel's ' ... A good Victorian, he found the notion of 'female choice' and its having long ...
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Popper's 'solution' to the problem of induction. Which of two possible conclusions ... involves a deductively invalid argument form, and is beset by the (old? ...
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Larry Laudan's research traditions. How to judge the value of a scientific theory? Lecture 3 ... Laudan's Research Traditions (1) ...
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Common Cause Explanation & The Search for a Smoking Gun Carol E. Cleland Philosophy Department Center for Astrobiology University of Colorado (Boulder)
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How to compare theories and choose between them? Dr Christer ... Kuhn's incommensurable paradigms. accepted paradigm = normal science. anomalies. extraordinary ...
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Title: PowerPoint Presentation Author: june richards Last modified by: John Oakes Created Date: 3/3/2005 5:07:02 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3)
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Earlier hypothesis emphasized bidpedalism, but that was before we found fossils of other hominids with relatively small brains. Prediction? NY Times review: ...
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Title: Last modified by: Created Date: 7/12/2005 12:39:13 AM
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strategy for selecting, adjudicating, and discarding/retaining beliefs ... Assumes evidence' is flawless. Belief promiscuity/proliferation. Resource intensive ...
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What makes science different from pseudoscience (and non-science) ... Fallibilism vs. Anti-Confirmationism. Falsification in place of Confirmation ...
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INFO4990: IT Research Methods Experimental Research (Joseph Davis) 9/5/2005 Outline: Strategy of experimental research (Platt) What are experiments and how to do ...
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... example, that people born under certain signs or planets are more likely to ... What's interesting about Gauquelin's finding is not that it falsified astrology. ...
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Three Faces of Environmental Politics Science, Ideology, and Office-Holding I. Controversies in Environmental Politics Are Navy sonar tests worth the environmental costs?
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Defining Computer Security cybertechnology security can be thought of in terms of various counter measures: (i) unauthorized access to systems
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The Meaning of Theories in Social Sciences and IR ... in the philosophy of science: Positivism, Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos, Bhaskar etc. ...
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Theory-ladenness of observation. Ruling out the logic of discovery? ... Caplan: turf wars; response to Gould et al criticisms of 'just so stories' ...
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... Rudolf Carnap, Otto Neurath, A. J. Ayer. Metaphysics ( = not science) ... make a clear distinction between science and metaphysics (not science) Reductionism: ...
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It simply has no cognitive content. Whatever content it might have is emotional rather than cognitive. ... They are the 'latent content' expressed symbolically. ...
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... our claim that 'All Swans are white' based on past evidence. ( e.g. There could be a black swan) ... All swans are white (T) entails every swan is white (o) ...
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Science Smackdown. Sir Francis Bacon. 1561 1626. versus. Science starts with theory ... The theoretical or empirical question which motivates the research. ...
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(1) Scientific knowledge is cumulative, progressive and has a definite trajectory. ... Such unreasonable, nonsensical unmethodical foreplay turns out to be an ...
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The Amazing Power of Science A Very Brief Reflection ... Let C be, say, 'there is a ghost in this room which cannot be sensed, directly or indirectly' ...
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Proving or Disproving Theories Theory as methodology
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Have testing as only PART of the process of theory assessment. Use Super-Empirical Values ... 'Good' is a value judgment - thus it requires a set of shared values. ...
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While a fool will ask questions that a wise man can never answer, ... An observation is a singular ... Critical Rationalism. Science starts with theory ...
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What are experiments and how to do experimental research, ... Francis Bacon (interconnecting theory and experiment) building the conditional ...
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A theory can neither be 'proved' nor 'disproved' by data alone. ... 'materialism:' there is a material world and observable phenomena have material causes ...
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Geocentrism & heliocentrism. The Caloric Theory of heat vs. the Kinetic & Theory of Heat ... Change from Ptolemy's geocentrism to Copernican heliocentrism. ...
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That is, the scientific community or its part defines what science is all about ... be found in philosophy of science: Positivism, Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos, Bhaskar ...
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Confounds an extraneous variable that covaries with the variable of interest. Sometimes relationships may not be causal at all, but rather confounded ...
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Yet we may not be seeing the same thing in the sense of our visual experiences. Hanson ... But what we 'see' in the sense of visual experience does change. ...
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Stabilism: The hypothesis that oceans and land masses do not move around. Mobilism ... The structure and history of oceans and land masses on Earth. 2. Model. ...
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Common knowledge and scientific knowledge are two kinds of human knowledge ... We can say metaphorically that science emerges as a beautiful coral-reef out of ...
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Inference to the Best Explanation (IBE) Kareem Khalifa Department of Philosophy Middlebury College Overview Description of IBE Theoretical virtues elaborated ...
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Title: Slide 1 Author: Tuan V Nguyen Last modified by: TVN Created Date: 2/6/2006 2:57:29 AM Document presentation format: On-screen Show Company: TECH
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... The Study of Knowledge Introduction to Philosophy The Three Laws of Thought Law of Non-Contradiction Law of Excluded Middle Law of Identity Arguments ...
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Economics experiments tend to resemble formal models. Officially, this allays external ... So problems of causal holism are intertwined with relationality: ...
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Because they are logically equivalent to 'all ravens are black'. Hence 'All ravens are black' is confirmed by the observation of a white cloud! ...
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Beyonce is a dancer. All dancers are pot-heads. Thus, Beyonce is a pot-head. ... Being over 5ft tall is necessary for going on the ride. ...
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... a given scientific statement 'All swans are white' and relevant observations. ... claim that the statements like 'All swans are white' are based on observation? ...
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... [Conjectures & Refutations] Karl Popper: What is a Science? Rejected conventional explanations (empirical inductive method) because pseudo-sciences ...
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The captain of the space shuttle, Atlantis, which took off ... Hubble's 19th anniversary. April 21 this year. Released one of most interesting pictures ...
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Once convinced, then disillusioned by Marxist theory of history. Characterises these, psycho-analysis, astrology, etc. as 'pseudo-science' ...
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But there is no logical guarantee that the next raven I will observe is not pink. If this proves to be the case, then 'All ravens are black' would be false. ...
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X-ray photographs of DNA showed that there must be between 2 and ... X-ray picture. Observation. Reasoning. Agree. Representation. Positive evidence. Real world ...
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Even mathematicians get trapped inside the fly bottle of dualistic ... Alfred Tarski, Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics (1956) Quine, W. V. Philosophy of Logic. ...
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7.1 Overview (what we do in these two lectures) ... Then, we will apply this new methodology to the historical case of the Copernican revolution. ...
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