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Chapter%207:%20Interscholastic%20and%20Intercollegiate%20Sport
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Title: Chapter%207:%20Interscholastic%20and%20Intercollegiate%20Sport
1
Chapter 7 Interscholastic and Intercollegiate
Sport
C H A P T E R
7
Interscholastic and Intercollegiate Sport
2
Chapter Outline
- Interscholastic Sport
- Collegiate Sport
- Chapter Summary
3
Trends in Interscholastic Sport
- U.S. participation at all-time high in 2008-2009,
55.2 of students (Texas has most) - Most popular sports (by participant numbers)
- Boys Football, track, basketball, baseball,
soccer - Girls Track, basketball, volleyball, softball,
soccer - Play for same reasons seen in youth sport (such
as fun, skills, exercise)
4
Discussion
- What are the three participant groups identified
in interscholastic sport in the landmark survey
on American Youth and Sports Participation (Ewing
and Seefeldt 1990)? - If you participated in high school sport, which
of the three were you in? What about your
classmates?
5
Figure 7.1
6
Interscholastic Sport and Community
- Community programs often feed high school teams.
- Most successful interscholastic programs have
solid youth programs. - More affluent areas have better facilities.
- High school teams become more selective due to
the talent pool, increasing the competitive
nature.
7
Positive Effects of Participation in High School
Sport
- Better academic performance, attendance
- Development of moral, social, and long-term
health - Resistance to drug and alcohol abuse
- (continued)
8
Positive Effects of Participation in High School
Sport (continued)
- Success in college
- Fewer behavioral problems
- Better self-image
- Development of leadership skills
9
Negative Effects of Participation in High School
Sport
- Character development research is not clear.
- Statistics do not include students who cannot
play due to low grades. - Increases tendency to binge drink.
- Emphasis is on athletics rather than academics.
- Girls struggle with identity conflict between
traditional values and new opportunities.
10
Negative Socioeconomic Effects of Participation
in High School Sport
- Schools now implement fee system that reinforces
elitism and decreases participation by 30 - Better facilities and resources in higher
socioeconomic areas - Athletes are generally from more privileged
backgrounds, giving them a head start - Tensions (athletes vs. nonathletes)
11
Intercollegiate Sport Profile
- NCAA governs 1,288 schools
- NAIA governs 300 schools
- National Junior College Athletic Association
(NJCAA) governs 550 two-year schools - 418,000 NCAA athletes in 23 sports
- 1981-1982 Men 167,055, women 64,390
- 2007-2008 Men 240,261, women 178,084
- Basketball top sport for men and women
12
NCAA Divisions
- Division I
- FBS 119 colleges
- FCS 119 colleges
- I non-football 93 college
- Division II 291 colleges
- Division III 429 colleges
13
Discussion
- What is positive about intercollegiate sport?
- What is negative?
14
Positives About Intercollegiate Sport
- School pride
- Distraction from hard work
- Fame
- Free publicity from media
- Helps with future employment
- Helps with discipline and time management
15
Negatives About Intercollegiate Sport
- Athletic programs often lose money.
- Pressured to operate as big business.
- Athletes sometimes not academically ready.
- Lack of time affects athletes grades.
- Lack of time affects social life, circle of
friends. - (continued)
16
Negatives About Intercollegiate Sport (continued)
- Programs sometimes engage in illegal recruiting.
- Athletes isolated on campus.
- Easy majors are encouraged.
- Sport events can be big parties for students.
17
The Drake Group 7 Suggested Reforms for College
Sport
- Athletes must maintain 2.0 GPA.
- No freshman eligibility allowed.
- Sport may not conflict with class schedule.
- Reform one-year renewable scholarships.
- Eliminate term student-athlete.
- Remove special academic support.
- Publicly disclose course information.
18
Discussion
- How realistic are the Drake Groups suggestions?
- What other approaches are being tried?
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