Becoming%20a%20Grammar%20Guru - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Title: Becoming%20a%20Grammar%20Guru


1
Becoming a Grammar Guru

• Purpose Being able to comprehend, identify, and
  apply grammar/parts of speech to improve all
  areas of writing.
• To get started on your journey, click on the book
  below.

2
To Become a Grammar Guru

• You will need to
• Learn and understand each part of speechs
  meaning and usage
• Identify each part of speech in sentences/writing
• Use each part of speech properly in writing

If you think you are up for this challenge,
select the thumbs up.
3
Let the Journey Begin

• Task To become a grammar expert you will need to
  learn about each part of speech and apply what
  you learned with practice.
• Process To accomplish your task, select a Part
  of Speech from the Main Menu and make your way
  through all the steps. Once you have completed
  all the steps successfully, move on to the next
  Part of Speech.

Main Menu
4
Main Menu

• Select a Part of Speech

NOUN
VERB
PRONOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
PREPOSITION
CONJUNCTION/ PREPOSITION
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Nouns Grammar Rock Video
Step 1 Watch Me
Step 2 Begin Learning
6
Noun

• Definition
• Person, Place, or Thing

What are some other examples of nouns?
7
Common Noun / Proper Noun
Definition names of SPECIFIC things or
people Examples France Mexico Alice Ford

• Definition
• A General Noun
• Not capitalized unless at beginning of sentence.
• Examples
• man
• toy
• cereal

8
Nouns as Subjects

• The subject of a sentence tells whom or what the
  sentence is about. Nouns are often used as
  subjects.
• Example
• The girls stopped at the library.
• (Who stopped? The girls. The noun girls is the
  subject.)

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Concept Check

• Click on the subject of each sentence.
• The boy asked his dad for new shoes.
• The adults and the children went out to dinner.
• Every afternoon, the old lady takes a nap.

Finished
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CORRECT!
Return to Concept Check
11
Sorry! Try Again.

• Hint Who or what is the sentence about?

Concept Check
12
Plural Noun

• Definition
• Refers to two or more people, places, or things.
• Examples
• monkeys
• painters
• beaches

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Plural Noun Guidelines
Nouns Plural Examples
Most nouns add s book, books cup, cups sprout, sprouts
Most nouns that end in ch, sh, s, x, or z add es box, boxes bus, buses prize, prizes
Most nouns that end in a vowel and y add s boy, boys day, days key, keys
Most nouns that end in a consonant and y y becomes ies baby, babies country, countries spy, spies
Most nouns that end in f or fe f or fe becomes ves elf, elves loaf, loaves thief, thieves
Most nouns that end in o add s kangaroo, kangaroos piano, pianos video, videos
Certain nouns that end in a consonant and o add es hero, heroes potato, potatoes volcano, volcanoes

• Some Exceptions
• Change of a vowel sound when they become plural
  goose, geese man, men mouse, mice and tooth,
  teeth.
• Nouns that dont change deer, fish, sheep, and
  species.
• Old English nouns child, children and ox, oxen.

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Noun Game
Step 3 Challenge your Noun Knowledge
Step Four Finish Learning
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Possessive Noun

• Definition
• Shows who or what owns a thing or a quality.
• Example Cinderellas slipper was found by the
  prince.

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Possessive Nouns Guidelines

• Forming the Possessive of Plural Nouns
• Plural nouns that end in s, just add an
  apostrophe
• candles wax
• sisters dresses
• Plural nouns that DONT end in s, add an
• apostrophe s
• geeses flight
• womens team
• childrens books

• Forming the Possessive of Singular Nouns
• Add an apostrophe
• and s
• Chriss wishes
• the lions paw
• Samanthas dress

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Possessive Noun Practice Game
Practice your Possessive Skills
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Congrats!You have made your way through Nouns
and are ready to move on to the next Part of
Speech.Go back to the Main Menu and select
Verb.
Main Menu
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Verbs Grammar Rock Video
Step 1 Watch ME
Step 2 Begin Learning
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What is a verb?

• Expresses an action, states that something
  exists, or links the subject with a word that
  describes or renames it.
• The verb is the most important part of every
  sentence. Without a verb, a sentence cannot be
  complete or make sense.

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Concept Check

• Directions Select the action verb in each
  sentence.
• Sally listens to her favorite song.
• Craig hits the baseball over the fence.
• The bluebird in the tree sings beautifully.
• The football team dashes out of the locker room.

Finished
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Bulls Eye! Youre Correct.The verb is what
the subject does.
Return to Concept Check
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Incorrect.Dont give up though, keep
trying.Remember that a verb is what the subject
does.
Concept Check
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Direct Object

• The noun or pronoun that receives the action of
  the verb.
• Snow covered the mountain.
• The police closed the road.
• The words mountain and road receive the action of
  the verbs. Mountain and road are the direct
  objects of the verbs.

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Recognizing Direct Objects

• To find the direct object in a sentence
• Ask what or whom after the verb.
• The word that answers what or whom is the direct
  object.
• Workers removed the snowdrifts. (Removed what?
  snowdrifts)
• They cleared the roads and bridges. (Cleared
  what? roads and bridges)

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Linking/Helping Verbs

• Linking Verbs Connect the subject of a verb to
  additional information about the subject.
• Yes, I am on time. (emphasizes state of being)
• My skates are fast. (links skates with fast)
• Helping Verbs Appear with action verbs,
  helping them tell time.
• I was studying French when I visited Paris.
• I might play soccer after school today.
• Common Linking/Helping Verbs am, are, were,
  being, is, was, be, might, should, will

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Verb Game Step 3 Test your verb Knowledge so far.
Step Four Finish Learning
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Verb Tenses
TENSE DEFINITION VERBS Examples Sentence EXAMPLE
Present Tense Something is happening now or being now is, am, are Add s or es She explores the country.
Past Tense Something happened in the past was, were Add -ed She explored the country.
Future Tense Something that is about to happen will She will explore the country.
Present Perfect Tense (Perfect Past) Action that began in the past and continues into the present or that occurred in the recent past. (present past) have or has (verbed) She has explored the country.
Past Perfect Tense (Perfect Past) Action that happened before the action in the past. (past past) had (verbed or en) She had explored the country.
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Verb Tense Game
Finished
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Its the END of VERBS.Before you head back to
the Main Menu though, quiz your VERB knowledge.
CLICK To START
Main Menu
31
Pronoun Grammar Rock Video
Step 1 Watch ME
Step 2 Begin Learning
32
Pronoun

• A word that takes the place of a noun.

Pronoun He
NounBobby
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Subject Pronoun

• I, you, he, she, it ,we, and they are subject
  pronouns.
• Use these pronouns as subjects of a sentence or
  after linking verbs.

I hula hoop for fun.
They are arm wrestling.
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Object Pronouns

• The pronouns me, you, him, her, it, us and them
  are object pronouns.
• Use them as objects of the verb or as objects of
  a preposition.

Frankie traveled with her and me.
Frankie met them at the airport.
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Concept Check

• Take the interactive quiz. You must get 11 out of
  13 correct to move on. You may take it as many
  times as necessary.

Finished Quiz
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Possessive Pronouns

• Possessive pronouns are used to show ownership or
  belonging.

Singular Plural
my, mine our, ours
your, yours your, yours
his, her, hers, its their, theirs
My balloon.
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Pronoun or Contraction?

• People often confuse the possessive forms of some
  pronouns with the contractions they resemble
• its its your youre their - theyre
• The dolphin enjoys its freedom. (possessive
  pronoun)
• Its free to roam the ocean. (contraction it is)
• May I sign your yearbook? (possessive pronoun)
• Youre very polite. (contraction you are)
• The team donated their time. (possessive pronoun)
• Theyre playing for charity. (contraction they
  are)

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Concept Check

• Since a dolphin is a mammal, it must frequently
  make (its, its) way to the surface for air or it
  will drown.
• Some tuna companies were accidentally trapping
  dolphins in (their, theyre) nets.
• In response to consumer concerns, some companies
  have changed (their, theyre) policies and are
  using new fishing methods.
• In addition, (their, theyre) labeling (their,
  theyre) tuna cans as dolphin safe.

Concept Check Complete
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Correct!!!!
Concept Check
Finished
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Sorry, thats not correct.

• Try again and think about what you just learned
  in the previous slides about pronouns.

Concept Check
41
We-Us Pronouns

• We is always the subject form us is the object
  form.
• To decide whether we or us is correct, say the
  pronoun alone with the verb.
• (We, Us) students performed in a play. (Subject
  form We perform)
• The director asked (we, us) actors to bow.
  (Object form Asked us)

42
Who-Whom Pronouns

• Interrogative pronouns used to ask questions.
• Who is the subject form, and whom is the object
  form.
• Who will play the lead? (Who is the subject of
  will play.)
• Whom do you see? (Whom is the direct object of do
  see.)
• From whom do we buy tickets? (Whom is the object
  of the preposition from.)

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Who-Whom Tricks

• Trick Replace who/whom with he/him
• Examples Who called? He called.
• Whom did you call?
• I called him.

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Practice Who, Whom, Whose
who
whom
who
whom
whose
whose
who
whom
whose
Finished
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Antecedent Pronouns

• The noun or other pronoun for which the pronoun
  stands.
• Jeff went to work today and brought his lunch.
  (Jeff is the antecedent of his.)
• Billy and Bob went to school. After, they went to
  soccer practice. (Billy and Bob are the
  antecedents of they.)
• The antecedent usually appears before the
  pronoun. Sometimes, as in the second example, the
  antecedent is in the sentence before it.

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Indefinite Pronouns

• Refer to an identifiable but not specified
  person, thing, or amount.
• Conveys the ideal of ALL, ANY, NONE, or SOME.
• Common indefinite pronouns all, another, any,
  anybody, anyone, anything, each, everybody, few,
  many, nobody, none, one, several, some, someone

47
Challenge Indefinite Pronouns

• How many words can you make by combining the left
  column with the right?
• any/an body
• every one
• no thing
• some other

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Congrats! Youve made it through Pronouns. Try
the final practice below before moving on to
Adjectives.
them
him
she
her
us
we
they
Main Menu
49
Grammar Rock Video Adjectives
Step 1 Watch Me
Step 2 Learn
50
What is an adjective?

• A word that describes a noun or pronoun.
• Examples
• glorious day
• colossal building
• tacky sweater

ADJECTIVE NOUN
51
What is an adjective?

• An adjective answers the questions
• What kind?
• The rocket ship shot up in the sky.
• (What kind of ship? rocket ship)
• Which one?
• Did you see those children playing in the snow?
• (Which children? those children)
• How many?
• Several cars were involved in the accident.
• (How many cars? several cars)

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Concept Check
Practice Identifying Adjectives by Playing this
Game
Finished
53
Article Adjectives

• Articles are special adjectives. They point out
  one specific person, place, thing, or idea.
• a, an, and the
• Aden wished upon the falling star.

54
Adjectives in Comparison

• Comparative Adjectives
• Compare two things
• Golden Delicious apples are sweeter than Granny
  Smith apples.
• Superlative Adjectives
• Compare more than two things
• Red Delicious apples are the sweetest apples at
  the market.

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Forms of Adjectives in Comparison
For Short Adjectives Add er for Comparative and
est for Superlative
Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form
Hot Hotter Hottest
Ripe Riper Ripest
Creamy Creamier Creamiest
Spicy Spicier Spiciest
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Forms of Adjectives in Comparison
For Longer Adjectives Add more for Comparative
and most for Superlative
Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form
Fragrant More fragrant Most fragrant
Well-done More well-done Most well-done
Flavorful More flavorful Most flavorful
Delicious More delicious Most delicious
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FYI

• Use only one form of comparison at a time. Do not
  use more and er together, or most and est
  together.
• Steak is the most easiest meat to barbecue.
• Steak is the easiest meat to barbecue.

INCORRECT
CORRECT
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Helpful Hint

• Almost all adjectives of three or more syllables
  use more and most when comparing.

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Some Forms Are Different

• Some adjectives will change to a different word
  when in comparative and superlative forms.

Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form
Good Better Best
Bad Worse Worst
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Concept check

• Choose the correct form of the adjectives in each
  sentence.
• Michigans weather is (colder, more cold) than
  South Carolinas.
• Obama was the (more popular, most popular) of all
  the candidates that ran for president.
• The Italian chef makes the (most tastiest,
  tastiest) pasta I have ever consumed.
• Ashley is the (bravest, most brave) person I
  know.

Finished
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Thats Right! Nice Job!
Concept Check
Finished
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Sorry!

• Youre so close.
• Take a closer look.

Concept Check
63
Youre Almost Done!Before moving on to Adverbs,
practice your Adjective knowledge one last time.
PRACTICE
Main Menu
64
Grammar Rock Video Adverb
Step 1 Watch Me
Step 2 Learn
65
What is an adverb?

• Describes a verb, an adjective, or another
  adverb.
• Describing a Verb
• The graduates waited anxiously.
• Describing an Adjective
• The ceremony was nearly over.
• Describing another Adverb
• The graduates smiled very happily.

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Answers the Questions . . .

• HOW?
• Frank recklessly flew the plane.
• (How did he fly the plane? recklessly)
• WHEN?
• Tricia went shopping with her friends yesterday.
• (When did she go shopping? yesterday)
• WHERE?
• Jeff grilled the hamburgers outside.
• (Where did he grill the hamburgers? outside)
• To What Extent?
• Erin answers the question quite eagerly.
• ( To what extent did she answer eagerly? quite)

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PRACTICE- Identifying Adverbs

• CLICK HERE to BEGIN
• Complete at least
• the first three
• quizzes before moving on.

Finished
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ADVERBS IN COMPARISON
Short Adverbs Comparative -er Superlative
-est
Adverb Comparative Superlative
Close Closer Closest
Fast Faster fastest
Example My ears get cold fast. In fact, my ears
get cold faster than my hands. My nose gets cold
fastest of all, though.
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ADVERBS IN COMPARISON
Adverbs ending in -ly Comparative
more Superlative most
Adverb Comparative Superlative
Slowly more slowly most slowly
smoothly more smoothly most smoothly
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ADVERBS IN COMPARISON
Some adverbs change completely to form the
comparative and superlative.
Adverb Comparative Superlative
well better best
much more most
little less least
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PRACTICE

• Click on the correct comparing adjective.
• Each year, many women search for the product that
  will color their lips (more better, better) than
  before.
• Cosmetics manufacturers have used some of the
  (more surprisingly, most surprisingly) strange
  ingredients imaginable.
• For one thing, lipstick spoiled (faster, fastest)
  than the products made today.
• Also, the coloring agent used (more commonly,
  most commonly) then was made from dried and
  crushed insects.
• Today, fish scales make lipsticks glisten (more
  brightly, most brightly) than ever before.

72
Adjective or Adverb?

• Sometimes an adjective or adverb is misused
  because the speaker didnt recognize which part
  of speech was needed. Analyze carefully.
• REMEMBER
• An ADJECTIVE describes a noun or pronoun.
• An ADVERB describes a verb, an adjective, or
  another adverb.

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Adjective or Adverb?

• To determine which one, try this method
• Sentence Becca sings (good, well).
• Problem Is the needed word an adjective or
  adverb?
• Question Would the word answer the question how,
  when, where, or to what extent?
• Answer It tells how Becca sings?
• Solution The word well, an adverb, should be
  used to describe the verb sings.

74
PRACTICE

• Decide on an adjective or adverb to complete each
  sentence.
• I can't understand. You speak too (quick,
  quickly).
• Click for ANSWER
• He drives very (careful, carefully). Click for
  ANSWER
• He's a very (careful, carefully) driver. Click
  for ANSWER
• I got up (late, lately) this morning. Click for
  ANSWER
• Tom tries very (hard, hardly ) when he plays
  tennis but Martin always wins.  Click for ANSWER
  
• I bought a new CD player yesterday. It sounds
  very (good, well). Click ANSWER
• I recognize him but I don't know him very (good,
  well).
• Click for ANSWER
• They have a very (successful, successfully)
  business.
• Click for ANSWER

quickly
carefully
careful
late
hard
good
well
successful
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Adjective or Adverb Game
Click to Play
Finished
76
Using Negatives

• Never use a double negative when you write or
  speak.
• A negative is a word that has the meaning no.
• Common negatives no, none, not, nothing, never
• If two of these words are used together double
  negative
• Example
• I wont never go sky diving. INCORRECT
• I wont ever go sky diving. CORRECT
• I will never go sky diving

77
Concept Check

• Take the quiz below. Try all three levels and
  shoot for score of 80 or better. You may try as
  many times as necessary.

Made an 80 or better, Ready to Move On.
78
You reached the end!

• To finish your explorations on adverbs, take this
  quick quiz.
• Remember you need to get an 80 to move on to the
  next Part of Speech.
• Take the quiz as many times as necessary.

Main Menu
79

• Grammar Rock Video Prepositions

Step 1 Watch Me
Step 2 Learn
80
What Is A Preposition?

• Definition It joins a noun or pronoun to the
  rest of the sentence.
• Some examples to, from, in, on, after, until
• Samantha rushed through the door.
• She was tardy for class.

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Prepositions

• Prepositions refer to THREE things
• (1) Location (on, under, in)
• EX The mouse is on the table.
• (2) Timing (before, after, during)
• Ex. Eddy went hiking before dusk.
• (3) Directions (from, toward to)
• Ex. We traveled toward the ocean.

82
Test Your Knowledge
Which word is a preposition? Click the
answer. The pizza in the oven is mine.
pizza
in
oven
mine
Finished
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RIGHT!
Two things are related to each other by the
preposition!
Finished
84
Try Again!
Click here to try again
85
Test Your Knowledge
Which word is a preposition? Click on the
answer. The girl by the door is my sister.
girl
by
door
my
Finished
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CORRECT!
Two things are related to each other by the
preposition!
Finished
87
Nope, not quite.
Click here to try again
88
Test Your Knowledge
Which word is a preposition? Click on the
answer. The runners raced around the track.
runners
around
the
track
Finished
89
Nicely Done!
Two things are related to each other by the
preposition!
Finished
90
Ohhh, you were close.
Click here to try again
91
Prepositional Phrases
Lets look again at the sentences you practiced
with. The pizza in the oven is mine. The girl by
the door is my sister. The runners raced around
the track.
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Prepositional Phrases
in the oven by the door around the track
These are prepositional phrases. Prepositional
phrases start with a preposition and end with the
object of a preposition.
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Object of a Preposition

• The object of a preposition
• must be a noun or a pronoun
• always comes at the end of a prepositional phrase

Example The cookies are in the oven. Oven is a
noun that ends the prepositional phrase. Oven is
the object of the preposition.
94
Test Your Knowledge

• Identify the prepositional phrase. (Click the
  answer.)
• I sat with my mom.

I sat with
with my
with my mom
Finished
95
Congratulations!

• You found the prepositional phrase!
• Well done!

Finished
96
Sorry, thats not right.

• Remember a prepositional phrase starts with a
  preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun.

Try the question again!
97
Test Your Knowledge
Identify the prepositional phrase. (Click on the
answer.) After gym class, we got a drink.
After gym
After gym class
After gym class, we
98
Youre Right!

• You found the prepositional phrase!
• Well done!

Finished
99
WRONG!

• Remember a prepositional phrase starts with a
  preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun.

Try the question again!
100
The End of Prepositions!

• Just one more thing. Before you head back to the
  Main Menu, Practice you acquired knowledge of
  Prepositions.
• You need to score a 80 or better to move on.
  Take as many times as necessary.

QUIZ TIME!
Main Menu
101
Grammar Rock Conjunctions
Step 1 Watch Me
Step 2 Learn
102
Conjunction

• Definition A word that connects words or groups
  of words.
• For, and, but, or, nor
• Conjunctions join words together
• Katie and Josh went to the movies.
• Conjunctions join phrases and sentences
• They couldnt decide on a scary movie or a
  thriller.

103
Conjunctions and Commas

• When do you use a comma with conjunctions?
• Do NOT use a comma when you combining words.
• Ex Davey and Kay went to dinner.
• Ex Are we going to King Street or Market?
• USE a comma BEFORE a conjunction when you are
  combining sentences.
• Ex Us students received a silent lunch, and then
  we received a detention.
• Ex They will not be going on vacation this year,
  nor will they be going anywhere out of state.

104
Practice Conjunctions
SELECT ME
NEXT
105
Grammar Rock Interjections
Step 3 Watch Me
Step 4 Learn
106
Interjection

• Definition A word or short group of words used
  to express feeling.
• Examples Ouch! Oh Wow!
• Interjections expressing STRONG emotion
  exclamation point (!)
• Ouch! I fell!
• Interjections expressing MILD emotion comma (,)
• Oh, Im not afraid.

107
PRACTICE

• Click on all the conjunctions and interjections.
• Ugh! I cannot wait for summer to be here! This
  winter has been too long and cold. Neither the
  snowmen building nor the skiing interests me
  anymore. Oh, how I long to wear sandals and go to
  the beach again. Or to be able to feel the
  radiant sun on my face would make me happy.
  Socome soon summer, but dont get too hot on us
  this year.

Finished
108
Wow! Way to Go!

• You have learned about all of the Parts of
  Speech.
• Lets test your knowledge to see just how well you
  know each one.
• Remember, you want to score a 80 or higher.
• If you struggle, you may need to go back and
  review.

Click Here to Begin
Finished
109
Tick Tick TickNow for the ultimate test. Take
the quiz below and see how fast you can identify
the Parts of Speech. Click on the timer to begin
the quiz. (The timer starts when you select the
first answer.)
Main Menu