CH 21 SEC 5: PARLIAMENT LIMITS THE ENGLISH MONARCHY

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CH 21 SEC 5PARLIAMENT LIMITS THE ENGLISH
MONARCHY
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Tudors to Stuarts

• ELIZABETH HAD TROUBLE WITH PARLIAMENT NOT GIVING
  HER ENOUGH FUNDS SHE LEFT A HUGE DEBT
• 1603 ELIZABETH DIES NO HEIRS
• HER COUSIN JAMES STUART, KING OF SCOTLAND

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JAMES I (1603-1625)

• HE WAS JAMES THE VI OF SCOTLAND AND WILL BECOME
  JAMES I OF ENGLAND
• HE WAS CALVINIST AND HE UPSET PURITANS
• 1611 KING JAMES VERSION OF BIBLE
• PURITANS WANTED TO REMOVE ALL CATHOLIC CEREMONIES

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CHARLES I (1625-1649)

• 1628 - FORCED TO CALL PARLIAMENT AND ASK FOR
  MONEY
• FORCED CHARLES I TO SIGN THE PETITION OF RIGHTS

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PETITION OF RIGHTS 1628

• CHARLES I WOULD NOT
• IMPRISON WITHOUT DUE CAUSE
• LEVY TAXES WITHOUT PARLIAMENTS CONSENT
• NOT HOUSE SOLIDERS IN PRIVATE HOMES
• IMPOSE MARTIAL LAW IN PEACETIME

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CHARLES I (1625-1649)PETITION OF RIGHTS

• DISSOLVED PARLIAMENT BECAUSE HE DID NOT WANT TO
  ASK THEM TO RAISE TAXES
• IMPRISONED HIS ENEMIES AFTER THEY PASS LAWS TO
  FURTHER LIMIT HIS POWER

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THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR (1642-1649) TWO SIDES

• CHARLES I ROYALIST OR CAVALIERS
• SUPPORTERS ARISTOCRACY, NOBLES, ANGLICAN CLERGY,
  AND CATHOLICS

• OLIVER CROMWELL - ROUNDHEADS
• SUPPORTERS MIDDLE CLASS, SMALL LANDOWNERS,
  PURITANS

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THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR (1642-1649)

• CROMWELLS NEW MODEL ARMY WINS
• 1649 CHARLES I PUT ON TRIAL FOR TREASON, FIND
  HIM GUILTY, AND HAVE HIM BEHEADED

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OLIVER CROMWELL (1649 1658)

• STRONG WILLED, MILITARY DICTATOR
• ABOLISHED THE MONARCHY
• KILLED CATHOLICS
• NO CHRISTMAS, NO DRINKING, NO FUN

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Results of the English Civil War

• It established the supremacy of Parliament over
  the King

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THE RESTORTATION

• PARLIAMENT ASK CHARLES II TO RULE AND HE AGREES
• KNOWN AS THE RESTORATION
• RESTORED THE MONARCHY BUT AS LIMITED
  CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY

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CHARLES II and JAMES II

• CHARLES II DIED WITHOUT AN HEIR
• BROTHER, JAMES II TAKES POWER
• JAMES II IS CATHOLIC AND HE SAYS HIS CATHOLIC
  KIDS WILL BE HIS HEIRS

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English Turmoil

• PARLIAMENT ASKED MARY, JAMES IIS DAUGHTER AND
  HER HUSBAND WILLIAM OF ORANGE TO RULE ENGLAND

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GLORIOUS REVOLUTION1688

• WILLIAM AND MARY BRING A DUTCH ARMY
• CAPTURE JAMES II SEND HIM TO FRANCE
• THIS BLOODLESS REVOLUTION IS CALLED THE GLORIOUS
  REVOLUTION
• PARLIAMENT AGREES TO JOINT RULE WITH MONARCH

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Results from Glorious Revolution

• ENGLAND BECOMES A CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY
• MAGNA CARTA, GLORIOUS REVOLUTION, JOHN LOCKE
  ALL CONTRIBUTED TO DEVELOPMENT OF LIMITED
  MONARCHY/PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY
• PRINCIPLES OF LIMITED GOV. STRENGTHENED

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BILL OF RIGHTS - 1689

• RULER COULD NOT
• SUSPEND PARLIAMENTS LAWS
• LEVY TAXES WITHOUT PARL.S CONSENT
• INTEFERING WITH FREEDOM OF SPEECH IN PARLIAMENT
• PUNISH FOR PETITIONING THE KING ABOUT GRIEVANCES
• MADE CLEAR THE LIMITS ON KINGS POWER
• PROVIDED THE BASIS OF INDIVIDUAL LIBERTY AND
  LIMITED GOVERNMENT