Psychosexual Stages

1
Psychosexual Stages

• Freuds theory of personality development

2
Oral Stage (up to 1 year)

• Focus
• Sucking
• Chewing
• Eating
• Biting

• Satisfaction of oral drives.
• Sexual gratification from oral pleasure.

3
Oral Stage

• Five modes of functioning
• Taking in 5. Closing
• Holding on
• Biting
• Spitting out

4
Oral Stage

• Personality Implications
• An infant who found pleasure in taking in food,
  later enjoys taking in knowledge or power.
• Holding on to the nipple leads to determination
  and stubbornness.

5
Oral Stage

• 3. Biting is the prototype for destructiveness,
  sarcasm, cynicism, and dominance.
• 4. Spitting out becomes rejection.
• 5. Closing firmly leads to rejection,
  negativism, or introversion.

6
Anal Stage (1 3 years)

• Focus
• Anal stimulation and subsequent reduction of
  tension produces pleasure. (defecation)
• Toilet Training

7
Anal Stage

• Personality Implications
• Overly strict toilet training may result in a
  messy, dirty, and irresponsible adult.
• At the other extreme it may produce an orderly or
  obstinate adult.

8
Anal Stage

• Personality Implications
• Parental Praise of a childs success may result
  in a generous attitude, creativity, and
  productiveness. At the other extreme the adult
  may become stingy or become a pack rat.

9
Phallic Stage (3-5 years)

• Focus
• Pleasure and problems center on the genital area
• Stimulations in the genital area brings tensions
  and, if the tensions are relieved, pleasure.

10
Phallic Stage

• Oedipus Complex
• The sexual urge is directed toward the parent of
  the opposite sex.
• For boys, the source of this desire is the strong
  emotional bond with the father, to be like him.

11
Phallic Stage

• For girls, the desire of the father stems from
  penis envy as the girl realizes that the father
  has a prized object that she does not have.

12
Phallic Stage

• An adults attitude toward the opposite sex and
  people in authority develops as a result of the
  Oedipus Complex.
• Parental attachment also depends on Oedipus
  resolve.

13
Latency Stage/5-puberty

• Sexual drives are repressed and no new area of
  bodily excitement emerges.
• Focus on Social development.

14
Genital Stage (Adolescence)

• Sexual impulses that were repressed in the
  latency stage reappear in full force as a result
  of the physiological changes of puberty.
• Directed toward a peer of the opposite sex. -
  Reproduction

15
Case Study

• Little Hans

16
The Unconscious Personality

• The Freudian Experience

17
Freudian Slips?

• Freud believed that accidental slips of the
  tongue are not accidental at all, rather, our
  unconscious is revealing itself.

18
Structural Concepts?

• The Id, Ego, and Superego explain how the mind
  functions and how the instinctual energies are
  regulated

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The Id

• Id Instinctual and biological urges
• Operates according to the pleasure principle

20
The Ego

• Rational, thoughtful personality
• Operates under the reality principle

21
The Superego

• The moral part of the personality
• Operates under the moral principle

22
Distinguishing between the structures.

• Id What I want.
• Ego What I can do.
• Superego What I should do.

23
Defense Mechanisms

• Rather than face intense frustration, conflict,
  or feelings of unworthiness, people deceive
  themselves into believing nothing is wrong by
  using psychological defenses.

24
Types of Defense Mechanisms

• Repression Push thoughts or urges into the
  unconscious (bottle them up)
• Projection Attributing ones own thoughts,
  feelings, or motives to another.

25
Types of Defense Mechanisms

• Reaction Formation Behaving in a way thats
  exactly the opposite of ones true feelings.
• Regression Reversion to immature patterns of
  behavior. (childish boasting and bragging)

26
Types of Defense Mechanisms

• Displacement Diverting emotional feelings from
  their original source to a substitute target
  (usually anger)
• Rationalization Creating false but plausible
  excuses to justify unacceptable behavior.