Voiced%20sounds

1
Voiced sounds

• Which sounds are fully voiced?
• baby dog today egg
• English uses fully voiced stops word medially,
  but not initially or finally
• Practice fully voiced stops

2




(Catford figure 13)
3
Implosives

• The opposite of ejectives
• Uses glottalic ingressive initiation
• But glottis is slightly open and vocal folds are
  vibrating
• Examples
• Igbo

4
Implosives
(Catford figure 15)
5
plosive
implosive




(Catford figure 16)
6
Phonation

• In order of glottal closure, starting with the
  most open
• Voiceless
• Vocal folds apart and not vibrating
• Breathy voice (or murmur)
• Voiced
• Vocal folds close together and vibrating
• Creaky

7
In order of glottal closure
(Aronoff 1997)
8
Phonation

• Breathy
• Vocal folds apart, but still vibrating (flapping
  in the breeze)
• Example Hindi
• Creaky
• Vocal folds together, except for at the front of
  the larynx
• Example Mazatec, English

9
Other types we wont cover

• Harsh voice
• example
• Tense voice
• example
• Falsetto

10
Phonation (in terms of type)

• Phonated
• Voiceless (nil)
• Voiced
• Implosives
• Breathy
• Creaky

• Unphonated
• Ejectives
• Glottis is closed
• Clicks
• No air flow through glottis
• Glottal stop
• Glottis is closed

11
Phonation (in terms of initiation)

• Phonated
• Pulmonic
• Ingressive
• Egressive
• Except glottal stop
• Glottalic
• Ingressive

• Unphonated
• Velaric
• Ingressive
• Egressive
• Glottalic
• Egressive