The Scopes Monkey Trial

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TheScopes Monkey Trial

• Understanding the 1920s

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POPULATIONEXPLOSION
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How many peoplein the USA?

• 1800 5,308,483
• 1820 9,638,453
• 1840 17,069,453
• 1860 31,443,321
• 1880 50,155,783
• 1890 62,622,250
• 1900 76,808,887
• 1910 92,228,496
• 1920 106,461,000

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Where were they coming from?

• For a few years, Ellis Island had been processing
  10,000 immigrants every day.
• Ellis Island was open 9 AM to 7 PM, seven days a
  week.
• In 1907, the peak year, 1 million new immigrants
  came into the country at Ellis Island.

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Where did people live?

• In 1880, 28 of the population was urban.
• 50,155,783 total
• That means 36 million people lived in the
  country, and 14 million lived in the city.
• Starting in about 1890, many farmers jobs were
  taken by machines, and rural people started
  moving to the cities, where they could get
  factory jobs.

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Moving to the Cities

• In 1900, 40 of the population was urban.
• 76,808,887 total
• That means 46 million people lived in the
  country, and 30 million lived in the city.
• In 1920, it was 50.
• 106,461,000 total
• 53 million in the country, 53 million in the city

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MODERNTECHNOLOGY
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1900The Zeppelin
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1901

• Radio transmission

• Compact modern vacuum cleaner (horses required)

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1902

• Air Conditioner
• Lie detector

• Teddy bear
• Neon light

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1903

• Mary Anderson invents windshield wipers after
  seeing streetcar drivers struggling in the rain.
• We also get crayons, advances in the light bulb,
  an automatic glass blowing machine, and

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• in 1903, the Wright Brothers invent the first
  gas motored and manned airplane.

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1904 and 1905

• 1905 Einstein publishes the theory of
  relativity.

• 1904 Holt tractor

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1906

• Kellogs Corn Flakes
• Lewis Nixons sonar-like device

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1907

• Color photography
• Synthetic plastic - Bakelite
• Piloted helicopter

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• 1908 Ford produces the Model T on the assembly
  line. Suddenly, common people can buy a car.

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And more

• 1908 cellophane and the Geiger counter
• 1909 instant coffee
• 1910 the talking motion picture
• 1911 electrical ignition system for cars
• 1912 the tank and Life Savers candy
• 1913 the zipper, the bra, the crossword puzzle,
  and MDMA, the drug known as ecstasy

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THE GREAT WAR
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World War I July 1914-Nov 1918

• WWI is so awful, people call it The War to End
  All Wars.
• More than 15 million people die, and 35 million
  are wounded.
• There were only 1.75 billion people then, so
  thats almost 1 fatality.
• Thats equivalent to over 50 million people dying
  in one war today.

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• Countries all over the world are involved. The
  big players are
• ? Entente Powers Britain, France, Serbia, and
  Imperial Russia (joined later by Italy, Greece,
  Portugal, Romania, and the United States).
• ? Central Powers Germany and Austria-Hungary
  (joined later by Ottoman Turkey and Bulgaria).

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A Soldiers Life

• Trench warfare is brutal.
• The military uses poison gas, which kills every
  living thing in the area, not just the enemy.
• About 10 million soldiers die.

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Civilian Life

• In addition to bombing, fighting soldiers, and
  poison gas, civilians have to deal with terrible
  food shortages.
• (Some sources say that most civilian deaths were
  caused by starvation.)

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USA Involvement

• The USA is officially isolationist until a
  German submarine attacks an American ship, the
  Lusitania, in 1915.

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• Isolationism clearly will not work. America
  joins the war, in April, 1917.
• The US sends more than 2 million soldiers.
• Over 120,000 die, and 200,000 are wounded.
• Remember, the US was only involved for a year and
  a half. These losses were shocking to Americans.

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At Home

• Patriotic people are encouraged to enlist,
  support the war by buying War Bonds, and
  cheerfully accept rations. (Lots of things are
  rationed, including food.)
• Paranoia about spies leads to warnings about
  keeping all military matters completely secret.

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Inventions continue during the war

• 1914 Morgan gas mask
• 1915 Pyrex (heat resistant glass)
• 1916 radio tuners that receive different
  stations, and stainless steel
• 1918 the superheterodyne radio circuit, still
  used in every radio and television set, and the
  fortune cookie
• 1919 pop-up toaster and short-wave radio

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THE ROARINGTWENTIES
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Your turn!
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Webquest assignment

• Find out 10 facts about the Roaring Twenties.
• Learn about both urban and rural life.
• Write a short paper about your topic.
• Print 3 photographs.
• Prepare to teach about your topic.

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Assessment

• Document
• Proper MLA format citations
• Titled with your topic
• The paper - you must paraphrase and weave quotes
  into your own text using proper in-text citations
  
• At least 3 printed 8x11 photographs
• Works Cited page
• Be prepared to present your findings to the
  class.

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Are you ready?

• Choose a number!

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Topics

1. Architecture
2. Army, Navy, Airforce
3. Art
4. Celebrities
5. Economy
6. Factories
7. Fashion clothing
8. Fashion - hairstyles
9. Flappers
10. Film
11. Food production, storage and availability
12. Health medical advancements
13. Housing
14. Immigration
15. Inventions
16. Jobs the rich mans career
17. Jobs typical job opportunities for the lower
    classes

• Jobs womens opportunities
• Jobs child labor
• Mafia gangs
• Newspapers and magazines
• New transportation cars
• New Transportation other
• Politics
• Popular Music Dance
• Prohibition
• Public education
• Radio
• Religion
• Sports and famous athletes
• Womens suffrage