Developing%20Intercultural%20Communication%20competence%20in%20EFL%20Classrooms

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Developing Intercultural Communication
competence in EFL Classrooms

• Wu, Fang-Hui ( Judy)
• ????????
• ??????
• University of Durham (England) EdD
• ???????????
• University of Ulster ( N.I) TESOL

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Goals

• To explore what culture and intercultural
  communication (IC) mean (why, what, and how)
• To discuss how we can use materials and
  activities to develop our Ss IC
• To share practical activities to help ss
• To discuss our own choices and activities

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Brainstorming

• What is culture?
• What culture lessons have you done in your
  English lessons?
• Any good/ bad experience?
• Think-Pair-Share

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What is culture?
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Activity What much do you know?

• Work in pairs ! Please walk around in the library
  and write down the answers to the questions which
  are on the 6 walls.
• 8 mins ?

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Video Clips

• 20121028 TVBS ????? ????? ???????? ?
• ??????4?????????
• Noam Chomsky vs Gangna style

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WHY ?We are all connected in different ways

• Socially - media and internet
• Culturally- movements of people
• Economically- trade
• Environmentally- sharing one planet
• Politically- international relations
• 4 good reasons
• IC is in the national curriculum
• Ss need to explore their values
• Ss are curious about the world
• Ss need to develop their thinking skills

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How does Culture Emerge in the EFL Classroom?
Rules of interaction / issues of politeness and
directness
How Values and beliefs influence
interpretations of behaviour
Declarative and Procedural knowledge about the
target culture
Culture
Connotations of words/ Expressions / proverbs
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Words
American British English Differencces
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Expressions
How to understand the difference between the UK
and Great Britain ?
Italian speaks English Cultural
Misunderstanding
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Gestures
Gestures around the world (655)
16 Rude Interesting Gestures Around the World
explained by Skyscanner (204)
Cross Cultural Differences In Body Language by
Image Matters Asia
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Different skills from different cultures
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What Intercultural Communication

• Intercultural communication is how people from
  different cultures find ways to communicate with
  each other.
• It is also about understanding people with
  different opinions, viewpoints and values.
• It is the recognition of ones own culture,
  acceptance of cultural differences and the
  ability to empathize with and respect different
  cultures
• Link Intercultural Communication Adventure with
  Little Pilot

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Knowledge of products and practices
Attitudes of curiosity and openness
Intercultural Communicative Competence Byram
(1997)
Skills of discovery and interaction
Skills of interpreting and relating documents
Critical Cultural Awareness
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3. Skills Interpret e Relate
2. Knowledge Of the self and other, of interaction individual and societal 5. Critical cultural awareness Attitudes Relating self Valuing other
4. Skills Discover and Interact
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Knowledge and Understanding Skills Values and Attitudes
social justice and equity diversity globalisation and interdependence sustainable development peace and conflict critical thinking arguing effectively challenging injustice respect for other people cooperation and conflict resolution sense of identity and self esteem empathy commitment to social justice value and respect for diversity concern for environment belief -people can make a difference
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Integrating IC Is Is not
Developing critical thinking skills Equipping ss with IC knowledge, skills and values Showing how IC is part of everyday life Understanding how we relate to each other as human beings Not too difficult for ss of English to understand Not mostly about other places and people Not telling people what to think and do Not an extra topic to fit into the English curriculum
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Cultural Differences

• (1) HSBC Culture differences ( 642)
• 1. Time, feet and gesture ( America vs Japan,
  Thailand, Greece)
• 2. Parking ( Germany vs France)
• 3. Personal space (Europe)
• 4. Wrong flowers ( Italy)
• 5. Winning ( America vs Japan)
• 6. Eating ( English vs Chinese)
• 7. Washing machine ( India)
• (2) Italian fashion house in India
• (3) God grew tired of us
• (4) The Differences between West East

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HOW ?

• Contextualising to Taiwan/ other cultures and
  experiences
• Engaging ss using realia, real world examples and
  photos
• learning together in pairs and groups
• developing literacy and oracy skills
• developing emotional literacy and thinking

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HOW ?

• Activities

Oral Activities circle time, role play, drama, cooperative games, songs, storytelling
ICT activities tele video conferencing
Writing activties wall displays, web pages
Thinking skills activities mysteries, ranking
cross-curricular links music, dance
school linking projects
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IC in TEYLs HOW ?

• We never present Intercultural Communication as
  information. We want to know what kids are
  feeling about their own world and help them to
  understand it better. We allow the YLs to decide
  what they want to be in a local and global
  sense.
• - Teachers, Pimlico Academy London, UK

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CC UK visit

• When we were leaving the school and saying
  goodbye to each other, an English girl came up
  and gave one of my students a hug to show
  friendship. My student was shocked and did not
  know how to react. I noticed the girl was feeling
  a bit embarrassed. One of my female students
  tried to explain the cultural differences, how
  Taiwanese friends dont usually hug. After all
  the explanations from each other, I saw they were
  all laughing. I could tell from my students shy
  face, he wanted to try and show his respect for
  English culture he slowly opened his arms and
  gave her a hug back. I was really touched to see
  this scene. The understanding of differences and
  the respect for the different cultures just
  happened outside the classroom.
• When teenagers from England, South Korea and
  Taiwan meet, their horizons and minds expand as
  they find common ground Connecting Classrooms

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Teachers belief and observation

• We never present Intercultural Communication as
  information. We want to know what kids are
  feeling about their own world and help them to
  understand it better. We allow the students to
  decide what they want to be in a local and global
  sense.
• - Teachers, Pimlico Academy London, UK

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Learning preferences Multiple Intelligences (
Diversity)
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HOW ? Activities ideas
Oral Activities circle time, role play, drama, cooperative games, songs, storytelling
ICT activities tele video conferencing
Writing activties wall displays, web pages
Thinking skills activities mysteries, ranking
cross-curricular links music, dance
school linking projects Choices
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How Using Photos
Why What
stimulate ss to respond / question build ss background knowledge create interest develop visual literacy expose ss to people and places globally help ss understand and respect difference start with familiar places (e.g. families in Taiwan use good quality images set context give accurate information encourage ss to personalize make links to ss own lives / experiences
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Ex 4 Fab Photo Activities

• Changing situations
• Beyond the frame
• Putting yourself in the picture
• Links and commonalities

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IC in TEYLs HOW ?
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How using realia

is interesting and enjoyable brings cultures alive develops YLs observation skills encourages further research (internet) develops respect and care for other peoples things
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HOW ?

• Lesson Plans Your World, My World
• ss love learning from other ss
• Looking at other ss lives reflecting on own
  lives and world around them
• Children from Ethiopia, Russia, Brazil India
• Themes myself, caring and sharing, helping
  others, friendship, responsibility

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IC in TEYLs HOW ?

• Your World, My World - Lead in
• show Peters Projection world map
• highlight geographical features
• ask YLs what it might be like to live there

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HOW ?- a jigsaw reading

• Lesson 1 Lesson plan sharing
• use PowerPoint photos to lead in
• set up jigsaw reading using grid
• Ss read then group and exchange info
• Ss personalise by completing own profiles on grid
  
• Ss post their profiles to class blog / site/ or
  oral presentation

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Lesson Plan ideas
Lesson Plan IC Theme / Aims
2. Looking at our names Importance of not calling people unkind names
3. All in a day Similarities and differences between people around the world
4. Look what I can do! Feeling positively about ourselves
5. Exploring family Similarities and differences between families
6. Our friends and us Exploring how friends care for each other
9. Our dreams Planning for the future
10. The futures tree Caring for the environment
Lesson Plans from Oxfam Education For teachers
www.oxfam.org.uk/education/resources For ss
www.oxfam.org.uk/coolplanet/kidsweb
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Dances of the worldTutor Els van Oudheusden
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Refreshments networking!

• 15 mins

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Stereotype http//blog.udn.com/candys333/2149656
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Activity Do these images represent the UK for
you? Think pair - share
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HOW ?using photos/ PPT

Why What
to develop ss understanding and openness towards others who are different exposing YLs to authentic materials observing photos and asking questions questioning the context in texts / photos comparing similarities and differences with Hong Kong researching on the internet participating in exchanges Some Questions What can we see in the photo/ slide? What does this tell us about _____? Can you think of other people who do _______ ? Other example English Slang Harry Potter
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HOW ?--- Games

• China Schools Pack, BBC 5 fun activities
• counting
• classroom games
• playground games
• leisure time
• Beijing Olympics London
• 2012!

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HOW ?- cultural exchange projects
Example ? In Vietnam In Korea In the UK In
Hong Kong
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During these years

• 2008-09 Korean ss came to New Taipei
• 2009-10Taiwanese ss went to Korea
• 2010-11 Taiwanese Korean ss went to the UK
• 2011-12 Taiwanese went to Vietnam
• 2012-13 Taiwanese UK visit
• ( Huilian vs Cumbria)
• Some examples SS report
• Vietnamese girls ss reflection
• ss reflection

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Platforms for Cooperation

• (1) E-pals
• (2) iEARN training Webinar
• (3) British Council
• (4)?????????
• (5) BBC world class

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4 steps to run the project
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WEEK DATE TOPIC
1 0210 -- 0216 Preparing-- Introducing the project, grouping
2 0217 -- 0223 Topic Writing-- Introduce Myself
3 0224 -- 0301 Topic Writing -- Introduce Myself
4 0302 -- 0308 Group Discussion-- Introduce Myself
5 0309 -- 0315 Mailing Introduce Myself
6 0316 -- 0329 mid-term exam (I)
7 0330 -- 0405 Information Searching -- group task
8 0406 -- 0412 Information Searching Organizing-- group task
9 0413 -- 0419 Drafting the Writing Topic
10 0420 -- 0426 Drafting the Writing Topic
11 0427 -- 0503 Revising the Writing Topic
12 0504 -- 0510 mid-term exam (II)
13 0511 -- 0517 Making Web Page for the Writing Topic
14 0518 -- 0524 Making Web Page for the Writing Topic
15 0525 -- 0531 Revising Mailing the Writing Topic
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Group Writing Topic Group Members
1 School Routine / Regulation
2 Outside School Surroundings
3 School Holidays
4 School Staff
5 School Facilities
6 Learning Subjects
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(1) E-Pal http//www.epals.com/

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(2) iEARN http//www.iearn.org/
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Professional training webinar
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(3) British council www.britishcouncil.org/scho
olpartnerships.htm
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(4) ??????????????SIEP??????
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(5) BBC World Class
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Some Great Examples in Taiwan
Kindergarten Cats http//tw.myblog.yahoo.com/cats-education/article?mid1783
Elementary Schools 1. Caroline (iEARN) Annie (iEARN) Taiwan and Germany Qwiki http//playpcesor.blogspot.com/2011/04/qwiki.html 3. Cindy
Junior High Schools 1. Chere (iEARN)Chere Lin http//www.chere.idv.tw/ --gt????? --gt My School, Your School 2. ????? (iEARN) ????? Eric ( CCOC) ??? Leo and Fortuna
Senior High School task-based lesson plans  http//www.etweb.fju.edu.tw/culture/
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And other countries

• Bear Project report
• AFS Intercultural Fair Express Cut in HK ?
• UK culture week ( photos)

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Others think about Taiwan

• Taiwan Treasure Box Shared With Second Graders!
• ROC 100 Centenary Celebration Project
• Group discussion project
• What do you think about Taiwan?
• When Sweet potatoes meet potatoes?

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• ???????????? CIEN
• ????????????????
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vM_cmDHtOHV0
• ?????????? (?????)
• ??????
• Info USA
• Follow Me to ?????????? http//followme.pts.org.t
  w/index.aspx
• ??? http//www.wretch.cc/blog/Kids4ever888
• Global Voices???? http//zh.globalvoicesonline.org
  
• FB  https//www.facebook.com/globalvoiceszh?skwal
  l

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• ???? http//kids.nationalgeographic.com/kids/place
  s/
• ONE DAY ON EARTH PROJECT ??DAILY ROUTINE, CULTURE
  UNDERSTANDING, GEOGRAPHY?????.2011??SPECIAL DAY
  ?11?11?http//archive.onedayonearth.org/index.php/
  videos
• ??????mp3??http//www.national-anthems.net/
• National Anthems www.national-anthems.net
• Multicultural Education http//www.coedu.usf.edu/c
  ulture/index.htm
• Multicultural Education through Miniatures --
  International children's stories, activities, and
  culture Multicultural Education through
  Miniatures is a website designed for children and
  teachers. It contains stories, activities, and
  pictures of handcrafted figures from all over the
  world. Students are encouraged to use the photos
  and information in their school reports

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Story

• Mike Lockett Taiwanese folk stories, videos
• ???????
• ???? ex. Henrys freedom box
• Superb resources and materials for storytelling
  with diversity themeswww.thestoryseeds.com
• Tim Sheppards Storytelling Links for
  Storytellers http//www.timsheppard.co.uk/story/te
  llinglinks.html
• Great online materials from the British Council
  Teaching English websitewww.teachingenglish.org.u
  k/try/resources/books/equalopportunities-diversity
  -handbook
• ???????
• Chimamanda Adichie The danger of a single story

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Critical Questions about FOOD

• What do our attitude to food tell us about
  ourselves and our society?
• Why are there so many food diets across the
  globe?
• Why do we use our hands / fork knives /
  chopsticks to eat?
• Why do we take 2, 3, 5 meals a day?
• gt Food culture is the set of rules that
  naturally regulates the consumers relationship
  to food.

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FACTORS DETERMININGFOOD CULTURE

• Geography and climate
• Human natural resources
• Culture / lifestyle
• Economic conditions
• Techniques / Know how / Recipes
• Religion, customs habits

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WHY IS FOOD CULTURE IMPORTANT?

• Willingness to share make others aware,
  discover, respect differences, restore the
  culinary proudness people tend to forgot in our
  fast paced world.
• Have ones food culture recognized as part of a
  broader cultural identity
• Gastronomy is part of the cultural heritage a
  common asset, an identity mark to cherish. Pass
  on food custom know how,
• Authentic cultural / travel experience through
  which foreigners can approach the culture of a
  given country gt taste a society.

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FRENCH INDIAN FOOD CULTURES
FRENCH FOOD CULTURE FRENCH FOOD CULTURE INDIAN FOOD CULTURE INDIAN FOOD CULTURE
Respect of tradition Wine tasting, passion for cheese Culture of tea, blending of spices Respect of tradition
Variety of regional cuisines Various ingredients and preparation techniques following local sourcing with fresh ingredients Various ingredients and preparation techniques following local sourcing with fresh ingredients Variety of regional cuisines
AOCs (controlled term of origin) are French certification granted to certain French geographical indications for agricultural products (wine, cheese, vegetables) to protect them from falsification and attest of their authenticity and origin. These labels guaranty the quality and production standards of the selected products. To combat adulteration and falsification the tea board of India administers the Darjeeling certification mark logo. Darjeeling Tea is cultivated, grown, produced, manufactured and processed in tea gardens in a selection of estates in the district of Darjeeling.
Baguette is a staple food in France Breads are staple foods in India
Anise based liquor as a refreshing drink during summers Anise is used as a mouth freshener at the end of meals.
Cultural Differences Video
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Food Projects

• Food in every country ( from Fortuna)
• Talk about food
• Food cooking day
• Lunch box menu ( Eric) worksheet
• Daily dose of school dinners( UK girl)
• Food debate on BBC world class ( Tina)
• School Diary in Brazil

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Make a difference

• http//www.rainbowkids.com/HTMLFiles.aspx?pageKid
  sActivities ????????????,????????????????????????
  ???????????,??????????????...
• Adoption Cultures Alive! Free Kid's Coloring
  Pages, Maps, Cultural Learning Center for
  adoptees

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The sun did not shine.It was too wet to play.So we sat in the houseAll that cold, cold, wet day.I sat there with Sally.We sat there, we two.And I said, "How I wishWe had something to do!"  Too wet to go outAnd too cold to play ball.So we sat in the house.We did nothing at all. So all we could do was to Sit! Sit! Sit! Sit!And we did not like it.Not one little bit. From The Cat in the Hat by Dr. Seuss
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Thinking about all the things we have talked
about today

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TEDxWanChai - Freddy Law - Intercultural
Exchange http//www.youtube.com/watch?v0ZIUiX10vE
8 Be the candles judywufanghui_at_hotmail.com  
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Any questions? And thank you