WATER QUALITY IN AQUACULTURE Introduction

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WATER QUALITY IN AQUACULTUREIntroduction Part 2
Auburn University Department of Fisheries and
Allied Aquacultures
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Classification of aquaculture systems

• Salinity of culture water.
• Producer/consumer relationship.
• Type of culture unit.
• Species
• Management intensity

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Salinity

• Fresh water has a low salinity (i.e. streams,
  rivers, ponds and lakes).
• Salt water has a high salinity (ocean waters).
• Brackish water has a salinity between fresh water
  and salt water
• ( estuaries ).

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Producer/consumer relationship

• Commercial
• aquaculture
• Subsistence
• aquaculture

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Type of culture unit

• Many different culture units are used to grow
  aquatic organisms.
• The culture unit selected is based on economic
  concerns, and space and water availability.
• The type and size of the culture unit will
  determine water quality management.

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Type of culture unit
Earthen Pond
Levee ponds
Reservoir Pond
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Type of culture unit Cage/Pen
Cages in lake
Cages in ocean
Pen
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Type of culture unit Tank
Rectangular tank
Circular tank
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Raceway culture
Trout farms using raceways
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Species

• The species cultured will determine stocking
  density, water quality levels desired and the
  most appropriate system to use.

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Management intensity
Extensive management no control of water
quality
Semi-intensive management partial control of
water quality
Intensive management complete control of water
quality
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Extensive management
Marine shrimp
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Semi-intensive management
Chemical fertilizer
Supplemental feeds
Animal manures
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Intensive management
Aeration in ponds
Water exchange in tanks
Nutritionally complete
pelleted feeds
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Public perceptions of aquaculture

• Water quality concerns
• Water pollution
• Salinization
• Sedimentation
• Spread of disease

• Other concerns
• Wetland destruction
• Wasteful of resources
• Biodiversity
• Land conversion
• Social impacts

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Water quality concerns
Shrimp pond effluent in Thailand
Cages in Indonesia
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Other concerns
Preservation of saltwater mangrove
Preservation of freshwater wetlands
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End of Unit