??? ??????(Alkynes and Alkadienes )

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??? ??????(Alkynes and Alkadienes )

??? ?? (Alkynes)
 
 
 
2

C?sp??
??
????
C
2Py1SP
2Px12Py12Pz
2Px12Py12Pz1
 
 
 
SPSP
2S2
2S1
SP
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????(Nomenclatures)
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?? ????? (The Properties of Alkynes)
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????????????,????? P81.
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2. ?? (Add Water)
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?????
3. ?? (Oxidations)
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4. ??????
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S????,C-H??s?????????,??C??????,????C-H????,H????
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2) ?? (Applications)
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5. ???? (Reduction reactions)
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Lindlar ???,?????? Z-?? NaNH3(l)??? ? E-???
?. ?????(The Preparation of Acetylene)
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?. ???????
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??? ??? (Dienes)
?? ????? (The types and Nomencaltures)
1)?????
????
???



1,2-???

2)????? ???????? ?
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????
??????(??)

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3 ?????????????????????
???????,???
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?????????? (The structure characteristic of
dienes)
1 .??????
2. 1, 3-??????
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3. ???????
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4. ?? ??1)???????? 2)??p????--???
??????
3) ????,???? 4) ??????? 5) ?????????????
????
6)????,???????,?????,????????
?? ?????? (The Preparation of Butadiene) 1)?????
(Dehydrogenation of butane)
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2)?????
????????
?? ???????? (The reaction of conjugate dienes)
1) ?H2, HX, X2 a) ?H2
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????(Reaction Mechanism)
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????(-80?),Br-?????,???1,2-?? ????(40?),
Br-?????,?????,???1,4-????
??????? ?????? ??????
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2)Diels-Alder??(D-A??) ???-????? (??????)
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??S-??????Diels-Alder??? ?????????,???D-A???
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??
???????,?????????
?? ?? ?????????????????
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??? ????(conjugate effect)
????????
????-?????P?????????????????,?????????,?????,
??????, ????????????????????,??????????????
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?????????? ????(C,-C)?????(-I,I)????,????gt???
?P-p??P??????????,??????,?C,???-C
?????????
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C?-I????,C??gt-I??C?????,??????
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?????????????????????,? ???????
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p-p??
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• ???????????????????
• ?????????????,????????,???????
• ?????????????,???????
• ?????????????

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• ????????
• ???????

• ????

????????

• ?????

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?? 1?2?3?4?8?9?11?12?13? 14?15?16?17?18?19
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??? ?????????
1?2-??,1?4-??????
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