HOUSE WIRING

1
HOUSE WIRING

• Felicia Castro
• Olga Kadyra

2
STAGES OF HOUSE WIRING

• There are three stages for house wiring
• Underground stage
• Rough stage
• Electrical stage

3

• From the power company, we get
• two hot wires
• one neutral wire.
• The two major voltages available in our homes
  are
• 115 VAC
• 230 VAC
• Most of the receptacles in our homes are 115 VAC.
• Washer, Dryer, Oven, etc. use the 230 VAC
  receptacle.

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VOLTAGE RECEPTACLES

• 115 VAC

• 230 VAC

• Neutral Hot
• Ground

Ground wire
Hot wires
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COLOR CODING OF WIRES AND SCREWS

• Wires
• Hot (red/black wire)
• Neutral (white wire)
• Ground (bare copper wire)
• Screws
• Brass (for hot wire)
• Silver (for neutral wire)
• Green with green dot (ground wire)

• Wires
• Hot (red wire)
• Hot (black wire)
• Ground (bare copper wire)
• Screws
• Brass (for hot wire)
• Brass (for hot wire)
• Green with green dot (ground wire)

• 115 VAC

• 230 VAC

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HOUSEHOLD WIRING FOR ROOMS

• For rooms
• Within the first 6ft of an entrance into a room,
  there should be an 120volt receptacle outlet and
  then for every other 12ft there should be an
  outlet.
• For the kitchen
• The outlets should be a minimum of 2ft apart.
• Receptacle connection
• On the side of ground the 2 neutral wires
  are stripped ½ inch and pushed in the hole. Make
  sure to pull on it to check that it does not come
  out. Now strip the black wires ¼ inch, push them
  into the hole opposite of ground.
• 14 W gauge for bedrooms, hallways, living
  rooms, and all ceilings.

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Duplex Receptacles

• Some duplexes have 5 wires going into the
  receptacle, while others have 3 wires going into
  the receptacle.
• If a circuit is a feeder to the other circuits,
  then it has 5 wires 2 neutral (white), 2 hot
  (black/red), 1 ground (bare copper wire). The 5
  wires you see are actually power coming in and
  coming out.
• If it is the end of a circuit, then it has 3
  wires 1 neutral (white), 1 hot (black/red), 1
  ground (bare copper wire)
• Every receptacle holds 15 Amperes of Current.
  Kitchen appliances have 20 Amperes of Current and
  Dryers have 30 Amperes of Current.
• Every wire has an adjacent screw

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GFCI

• -GFCI Stands for Ground Fault Circuit Interrupt.
  This receptacles is different from conventional
  receptacles. In the event of a ground fault, a
  GFCI will trip and quickly stop the flow of
  electricity to prevent serious injury.
• -For kitchens and bathrooms with sinks, GFI
  protection receptacles are required for anything
  between 6ft from water. Make sure everything is
  grounded for safety purposes.
• -When does a ground fault occur? It occurs when
  electricity passes through a persons body to
  reach the ground instead of following its normal
  path.
• -GFCI receptacles protect against circuit
  overloads, short circuits, or shocks.
• -For GFCIs, a 12 W gauge is required which is
  thicker than the 14 W gauge.

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GFCI CONTINUED

• The GFCI receptacle itself has the Test and Reset
  buttons. The reciprocal feeling into the GFCI
  main no reciprocal has no Reset/Test buttons, but
  will indicate GFCI stickers on them.
• not GFCI GFCI

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Dimmer

• A single pole (one location) or a 3 way
  (multiple locations) can be put only on the
  incandescent.
• You will see 4 colored wires on the dimmer. Blue,
  yellow, black and green.
• Connecting wires for dimmer
• Green dimmer Ground leads to Green or
• copper wire in wall box.
• Black dimmer lead to Line (hot) wall box
• wire removed from old switch.
• Blue Dimmer lead to remaining wall box wire
• (Load)
• Cap Yellow dimmer lead with appropriate
• size wire nut.

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LAMPS

• REGULAR MEDIUM BASE used in regular fixtures
• MOGUL BASE is thicker and is used for street
  lights
• CANDELABRA BASE is smaller and is used in
  paddle/ceiling fan fixtures

On a ceiling fan which has lights, always use a
A15 lamp because the filament is thicker and it
will last longer even though the fan causes
vibration G-style lamps are used in
bathrooms Fluorescent lamps are used under
cabinets and countertops, and are available only
up to a wattage of 32 Watts instead of 40 Watts
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Gang Box

• The Gang Box must be UL listed in approval for
  electrical work. Deep Gang Boxes are maximum of
  22.5cubic inches.

• Inside the house All gang boxes must be UL
  approved.
• Outside the house the gangs used must be UL
  approved and suitable for dampness/wet
  conditions.
• According to Title 24 everything in the home i.e.
  Bathroom, Kitchen, underneath the cabinets,
  laundry room, outside light should have
  incandescent lights.

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Low Voltage Wires

• RedComputer-CAT5
• White.RG6-TV, SAT, DSL, Cameras
• Black..RG6-
• BluePhone-CAT5
• You can use red alone but to differentiate
  between computer wires and phone wires you use
  different colors.

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High Voltage Wires

• 14/ 2- 15A is a 14G wire black, white, and
  ground used for lighting wiring bedroom plug
  switches. anything rated up to 15A.
• 12/ 2- 20A is a 12G wire, black, white, ground,
  yellow wire for identification.
• 12/ 3- 20A is a 12G wire black (hot) white
  (neutral), red (hot), and ground. In this there
  are
• 2 hot wires in one wire. If you have two
  circuits in the same area then you could use
  black for one circuit jump the other circuits
  through red wires especially in General
  appliances.

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High Voltage wires Continued

• 10 Gauge/30 A is Orange in color used for Dryers
  or Ovens if under 30 A. it is also used for Air
  conditioning if no more than 30A is required
• 8 Gauge/40/50 A is a Black wire and is used in
  ovens that are over 30 A.
• 6 Gauge/50/60 A is used only in Air Conditioners
  and Ovens that have very high amperage

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Rough Stage

• Low voltage enclosure TV, Telephone, computers,
  cameras, speaker DVR, i.e. communication, run one
  main limit is 2RG6 (TV coax) cat 5- phone line or
  computer line. When it says TV run 1RG6 i.e.
  Black wire.

..Phone
PPlug TV.TV On/Q.All 4 wires
drop (2cat5 and 2RG6) High VoltageStapled every
4ft 6in Low Voltage.Not stapled tightly
1RG6TV Only 2RG6TV DVR HD
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Rough Stage Continued

• RG6-Quad shield a type of wire that helps to
  give a better signal, but not a better picture.
• (You could run High Definition signals like
  Comcast Internet Company with RG6)
• The wires going into every gang box should be
  stapled within 6 inches of the box, on the wood.
  
• The wires going into Double or Triple boxes,
  should be 12 inches away from the box on the
  wood.