Trachea diseases and esophagus diseases

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Trachea diseases and esophagus diseases

• The Otolaryngology Faculty of Shanghai Jiao Tong
  University School of Medicine
• Xiang Mingliang

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Anatomy of trachea and bronchus
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• Trachea in the middle of neck and thoracic
  cavity. 16-20 trachea rings in total, and 7-8
  ring in the neck.

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• Bronchus tree. The angle between the trachea and
  the bronchus
• left45o,
• right25o

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carina of trachea the end of trachea. A
important mark in the bronchoscopy
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Anatomy of esophagus
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• Muscular organ. Pipe in shape
• Inner layer mucosa
• Middle layer submucosal tissue
• external layer muscle

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• Physiological stenosis in esophagus
• 1)from upper incisor 16cm
• 2)from upper incisor 23cm
• 3)from upper incisor 27cm
• 4)from upper incisor 36cm

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foreign body in trachea and bronchus

• Sourceexternal?internal
• Classification of foreign body
• plantpeanut?seeds.
• animalfishbone?bone pieces
• mineraliron nail
• synthetic productdental prosthesis

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• 90 cases?5 years, 80 cases? 3 years
• causes1)poorly chew function, poorly pharyngeal
  reflex
• 2)unconscious,aspiration
• 3)unhealthy habit foreign body in mouth
• 4)medical

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• Factors associated with clinic presentation
• foreign body sortspeanut,chemical bronchitis
• Size
• Shape
• Stay time
• Stay site
• Infection or not

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• presentation
• Inhaled periodcough,dyspnea
• Quiet periodno any symptom
• Infection period cough,dyspnea, fever
• Complication periodatelectasis?emphysema?lung
  infection

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• diagnosishistory of foreign body,dyspnea?cough,di
  sorder sign in X-ray
• X-ray1)obstructive emphysema
• 2) obstructive atelectasis
• CT scanthree-dimensional rebuild
• treatment bronchoscopy

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• Foreign body in bronchus

Foreign body in bronchus
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Foreign body in trachea
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Foreign body in trachea
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Foreign body in bronchus
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Foreign body in esophagus

• cause
• More cases in old poorly chew function,
  disesthesia of mouth, dental prosthesis
• More cases in children like to put toy in his
  mouth
• Eating too quick
• Stenosis or lump in esophagus
• suicide

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• Sorts of foreign body
• animalfishbone,bone pieces, meat lump
• metalscoin
• synthetic productdental prosthesis
• plantkernel

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• Location of foreign body
• The first stenosis most seen
• The second stenosis
• The third stenosis

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• Clinic symptoms
• dysphagia
• odynophagia
• dyspnealarge foreign body

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• X-ray examination
• nonopaquepositive in barium x-ray study
• opaquex-ray flat. entopic and lateral
  examination of esophagus

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• complication
• Esophagus perforation
• Infection of periesophagus organneck,mediastinum
• Large artery disruption
• Tracheal-esophageal fistula

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• diagnosishistory of foreign body,dysphagia,odynop
  hagia,disorder sign in X-ray
• treatment
• esophagoscopy
• Electronic gastroscopy
• openforeign body in out of esophagus,
• injury of large artery

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Foreign body in esophagus
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Foreign body in esophagus
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Thanks