Mental Health and Well Being

1
Mental Health and Well Being

• Prof.Yan He-Qin
• Shanghai Mental Health Center
• Jiao-Tong University
• School of Medicine

2
..Definition of Health

• WHO(1948)
• Health is a state of complete
  physical,mental and social well-being and not
  merely the absence of disease or infirmity

3
Well Being include

• Normal Intelligent
• Nice mental state
• Harmony personal relationship
• Good social function
• Strong-Willed
• Stable Personality.
• Noble Morality.

4
Social Development and Stress

• Great Change
• Competitions Stress
• Various inference
• Family structure change
• One child family
• Aging problem
• Big City problem
• Unemployed etc.

5
Psychological Problems in each period

• Infantile period
• Child period
• Adolescent period
• Adult period
• Involution period
• Senile period

6
Mental Health Problems

• PsychosesSchizophrenia ,Manic-Depression
  disorder, Alzheimer Disease etc
• NeurosesDepression ,Anxiety,, Obsession,
  Neurasthenia etc
• Psychological disorderAdjustment Disorder,
  Alcohol and Drug Addiction etc
• Psychosomatic DisorderHypertension, Asthma
  ,Peptic Ulcer etc.
• Personality Disorder Antisocial. Paranoid,
  Schizoid, Histronic etc.

7
Stress and Health

• Appropriate stress can improve ones adaptation.
• Excessive stress cause over reaction, exhaustion
  and death
• Psychological stress cause change of
  neuro-endocrine, immunity function,
  neurotransmitters, NGF and Brain neuron
• Medication, Psychological management, Relaxations
  procedure and Exercise help to recover

8
Statistics according to DALY (Disability Adjusted
Life Years )
sequence disorders
percentage to all burdens treatment

1. chronic lung obstruction 8.5
   50
2. depressive disorders 6.2
   5
3. lower respiratory tract infection 5.7
   ?
4. brain vascular disorders 5.2
   50
5. self hurt
   3.9 ?
6. ischemic anemia 3.2
   ?
7. ischemic heart disorders 2.9
   50
8. falling down
   2.2 ?
9. drowning
   2.1 ?
10. traffic accident
    2.1 ?
11. tuberculosis
    2.0 ?
12. liver cancer
    1.9 30
13. diarrhea
    1.8 ?

9
DALY(1990)

• Percentage of Reduction of Disability Adjusted
  Life Years

(World Bank, 1993)
10
Mental Health ProblemsPrevalence of Mental
Illness (USA)ECA/DIS/DSMIII
disorders month month Life time prevalence
Any DIS disorder Any DIS disorder 15.4 32.2
Alcohol and drug dependence Alcohol and drug dependence 3.8 16.4
Anxious disorders Anxious disorders 7.3 14.6
Depressive disorders Mental disorders Depressive disorders Mental disorders 2.2 0.7 5.8 1.5
11
Social Burdens from Mental Illness

• Mental illness is common disease high
  incidence, often relapse, behaviors out of
  control, lack of insight, harmful to society,
  family and persons( making troubles), eg
  schizophrenia, mood disorders, paranoid disorders
  .
• Personality disorders unstable emotions,
  compulsive behaviors, unable to learn a lesson,
  harmful to others and himself, unstable
  factors to the society. eg compulsive
  personality disorder,paranoid personality
  disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality
  disorder and perversion ,etc.

12
Depression

• Report by WHO1.5 billions Affective Disorder in
  the World
• Austraria(1995)prevalence rate of Depression
  1.32
• South Korea 3.1-5.5
• Hong Kong 2.4-5.2
• 576 out patient clinic of internal medicine
  in Shanghai4

13
Incidence of Depression
incidence
14
Depression of Inpatients in Internal Medicine Word

• hematology, endocrine department 44.7
• neurology department
  37.5
• cardiovascular department 34.5
• gastrointestinal department
  30.4
• tumor department
  20-40
• related disorders stroke 26-34, rheumatoid
  arthritis 20, parkinsonism 40, cardiovascular
  diseases 19

15
Definite Diagnosis Rates of Depression in General
Hospitals

• WHO survey in 15 countries and areas
• incidence of psychological disorders 24
• average recognition rate of general
  practioner 48.9
• Analysis in 576 cases in Shanghai
• incidence of psychological disorders 9.7
• major depressive disorder 4
• recognition rate of physicians 15.9

16
Problems and Propose

• Problems
• Knowledge of Mental Health still not popular.
• General medical staff lack of mental health
  training
• High prevalence rate, High death rate, High
  disable rate
• Mental Health need legislation to guarantee
• Stigma and privileges still exist in society

17
Treatment of Mental Diseases

• Drugs therapy Antipsychotic drugs
• Antidepressant
• Antianxiety
• Hypnotic etc.
• PsychotherapyPsychoanalytic, Cognitive-behavior,
  Interpersonal relationship, Family therapy,
  Relaxation therapy, Group therapy etc
• Physic therapy ECT, Biofeedback etc
• Social support and management

18
Prevention Mental Illness

• Primary prevention to increase protective
  factors and reduce risky factors for mental
  illness .
• Secondary prevention to reduce harm through
  early discovery, early diagnosis and treatment
  
• Tertiary prevention to train the patients to
  improve their abilities of looking after
  themselves, adapting to society and occupational
  skills in order to reduce disability and social
  dysfunctions, promote rehabilitation and prevent
  relapse.

19
Methods to Promote Mental Health

• Foster healthy personalities
• Healthy life methods and behavior habits
• Improve adaptation to natural and social
  environment
• Improve coping abilities to mental stresses
• Reduce negative influences, prevent mental
  disorders and psychosomatic disorders
• Develop community psychiatric services

20
Methods to Promote Mental Health(Cont.)

• To have knowledge of oneself
• To accept oneself
• To explore ones potential abilities and keep
  contacts with reality through practices
• To build positive interpersonal relationships
• To seek help and support
• To improve adaptation and coping skills

21
Learning Self Management

• Methods to control emotions distraction,
  dissociation, weakening, empathy, sublimation,
  undoing, catharsis, etc
• Learn to be patience and tolerant
• Treat frustration and unfortunate things
  correctly
• Properly adapt The method of mental victory
• Pay an attenuation to train strong will and build
  up scientific world view.

22
Ways to reduce mental Stress

• Talk to a person you trust
• Try a change of pace
• Take one step at a time
• Get rid of anger safely
• Take it easy
• Do something for yourself
• Do something for someone else

23

• Propose to guarantee society harmony and
  stabilization and peoples health

• To widespread mental health knowledge ,
  everybody needs mental health (especially for
  weak populations )
• Both governmental and non-governmental branches
  and organizations need to participate and
  cooperate in mental health
• To be against stigma and insult to patients with
  mental illness
• To popularize methods of prompting psychological
  health
• To include mental health to construction of
  spiritual civilization
• To expand and make the mental health service
  system perfect

24
(No Transcript)
25
(No Transcript)
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29
(No Transcript)
30
(No Transcript)
31
Thank you !