Mycoplasma ???

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Mycoplasma???
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??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???
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Content

• Defination
• Discovery
• Classification
• Morphology
• Structure
• Cultural character
• Compassion with L-formed Bacterium

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Mycoplasma

• No cell wall
• Prokaryotic microbe
• free-living in nature
• Can live in the non-living medium
• Bacteria-filtration device
• Have filament with branches

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Model
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Discovery

• In 1898, Nocard found Mycoplasma from the cattle
  that had pleuropneumonia .
• In 1937, Dienes isolated Mycoplasma from the pus
  of patients.
• Once they were named pleuropneumonia-like
  organism (????????)
• In 1962, Chanock succeeded in cultivating
  Mycoplasma aitificially.

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Classification

• Mycoplasma belongs to mollicute(????)Mycoplasmatal
  es(????).
• Mycoplasmataceae(????)
• Ancholeplasmataceae(??????)
• Spiroplasmataceae(????)

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Mycoplasmataceae(????)

• Mycoplasma(????)
• M.pneumoniae(?????)
• M.hominis(?????)
• M.genitalium(??????)
• Ureaplasma(????)
• U.urealyticum(?????)

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M.pneumoniae
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U.urealyticum
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????????????
Mycoplasma Glycogen Arginine Urea Pathogenicity
M.pneumonia _ _ pneumonia bronchitis
M.Hominis _ _ Urogenital infection
M.genitalium _ _ Urogenital infection
M.penetraus _ Mostly in AIDS
U.Urealyticum _ _ Urogenital infection
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Shape of mycoplasma

• Size The smallest, 0.2 0.3 µ m, under pressure
  it can pass though Bacteria-filtration device.
• Usually spherical, double spherical, filamentous
• Vegetative mode binary fission
• Stain hard to be stained in Gram.
• Giemsa, blue

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M.Pneumoniae with Giemsa stain
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Structure (Under electron microscope )

• Three layers outer and inner layers contain
  protein and glycogen, meddle layer is composed of
  lipid (cholesterol takes up 36)
• The only cellular organ ribosome.
• DNA and RNA, gene is dsDNA.

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• Special structures
• Some contain terminal structure(????), related to
  the adhesion.
• Capsule, has something to do with virulence.
• Microfilament

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Cultivation

• high Nutritional requirements cardin
  (????),serum, yeast steep(????)
• In pH7.8 8.0 growth below 7.0 deaths
  (Ureaplasma urealyticum pH6.0 6.5)
• Need 510CO2
• Slow Growth,life cycle 13h
• liquid medium Difficult to see the turbid
• Solid medium A typical colony was fried egg
  shape.
• U.urealyticum1040 µ m, like "T" line

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Antigen structure

• Antigen structure membrane protein ( use ELISA
  to detect) and glycolipids. Glycolipids have
  strong antigens, but have poor specificity.
• Part of M.pneumoniae has capsule, which is mainly
  polysaccharide.
• Some have mitogen, cause autoimmune reaction.

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Resistance

• Death 50? 30minutes or 55? 5-15 minutes.
  Sensitive to UV, dry, heat, Cleanser and
  disinfectant.
• Strong resistance to low temperature(-70 ?),
  thallium acetate(??), crystal violet(???).
• Resistance to penicillin, etc.
• The antibiotic-sensitive protein synthesis
  interference.

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Both the mycoplasma and the L formed bacterium
don't have the cell wall, their biological
characters are similar. But whats the
Differences between them?
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Difference between L-formed and M.
Biological character Mycoplasma L formed bacteria
Colony Fried egg shape, 0.10.3mm Fried egg shape, 0.51.0mm
Shape and size Many kinds of shape,0.20.3um Many kinds of shape,0.61.0um.
Cell wall Without, Heredity Deficient or without, phenotype variation, can restore
Cell membrane 1/3 is Cholesterol Without Cholesterol
Liquid culture The opacity is very low Has some opacity
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Mycoplasma colony
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L-formed colony
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Thank you!!!