Gait

1

Gait
2
objective

• Definition of the gait
• Anatomical aspect of normal gait
• To understand basic physiology of the gait
• To understand the normal gait
• Abnormal gait in relation of anatomical
  abnormalities
• Study of each joint, bone muscle and nerve
  involved in the gait.
• Review some common causes of gait abnormalities.

3
definition

• The maintenance of an upright posture and act of
  walking

4
Anatomical aspects of the gait

• For normal gait we need normal
• Nervous system CNS
• 
  PNS
• MusculSkeletal system muscle
• 
  joint
• 
  bone

5
Nervous system

• cortex cerebellum
• basal
  ganglia
• Brain stem
• Spinal cord
• peripheral nerves
• NMJ
• muscle

6
Abnormal gait in relation of anatomical
abnormalities

• Cortex circumduction gait, Apraxic gait
• Spinal cord scissoring gait
• Peripheral nerves motor fiber foot drop,high
  step gait
• sensory fibersensory ataxia
• NMJ waddling gait
• Muscle waddling gait
• Basal ganglia short step gait, Shuffling gait
• Cerebellum cerebellar ataxia,Tandem gait
• Joint and bone Limping gait

7
Review some common causes of gait abnormalities

• Cortex stroke
• Spinal cord trauma, compression
• PN DM,drugs
• NMJ mysthenia gravis
• Muscle polymyocities
• Joint arthritis
• Bone fracture

8
References

• Neurological exam made easy
• Bradley text book