Industrial Revolution

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Industrial Revolution

• The main features of the Industrial Revolution
  were
• Technological
• Socioeconomic
• Cultural

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Industrialization Organizer
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Technology

• New basic materials
• Iron and steel
• New energy sources
• Coal
• Steam engine
• Electricity
• Petroleum
• Internal combustion engine

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• New machines
• Spinning jenny
• Power loom
• Factory system
• Division of labor
• Specialization of function

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Pre-Industrial Society

• Farming Middle ages
• Villages fed themselves
• One field left fallow to regain fertility
• Disadvantages
• Land use inefficient
• Didnt try new farming methods
• Change
• Population growing more food needed

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Agricultural Revolution

• Enclosure Movement
• Fenced in common pastures
• Villages lost land, power, poor became poorer
• Crop Rotation
• Nutrients replenished by planting other crops
• Not left inefficiently fallow

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Crop Rotation
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• Other discoveries
• Seed drill
• New crops corn, potato
• Results of Ag. Rev.
• More food available
• Population increased

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Cottage Industry

• Merchants role
• Supplied materials (wool, cotton) to cottages to
  be spun
• Took supplies from cottage to cottage
• Sell product for more than material and labor
• Cost profit larger investment higher profit

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• Capitalism
• Economic system based on
• Private ownership
• Free competition
• Profit
• Cottage industry example of early capitalism
• Effects of Cottage industry
• Big profits
• Alternative source of income for peasants

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Textile Industry Factory System

• Textile Industry
• Cottages couldnt keep up with demand
• Spinning jenny, water frame
• Power loom
• Cotton gin

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• Rise of the Factory
• New machines, too big for cottage
• Factory located near power source
• Effects of Textile Factories
• Price of good lower mass produced
• Industry increased demand
• Villagers left to find work in factories urban
  center grew