MOBILE ABUSE

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MOBILE ABUSE
A Real Friend but . inconsiderate, annoying
discourteous and stupid in public places
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Mobile Abuse

• Like millions of others, you may be the victim of
  cell phone abuse.
• What is cell phone abuse?

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• Imagine .. You are in a public place trying to
  concentrate on something or in serious discussion
  with your friend or enjoying a peaceful moment
• A stranger 5 to 10 feet away starts talking on
  his cell phone

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• Your concentration breaks or your conversation
  ends or your peaceful moment disturbs.
• Now you are a victim of cell phone abuse.

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• Cell phone abuse results in
• 1. Cyber crime
• 2. Invasion of privacy
• 3. Health hazards
• 4. Social problems
• 5.Psychological problems
• 6. Financial loss

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Cyber crime

• Includes traditional activities such as fraud,
  theft or forgery ,when ever a telecommunication
  system is involved

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Cyber

• Cyber-, derived from the Greek word Kubernetes
  meaning Steersman , is used in the terms
  cybersex, cybernetics, cyberspace, cyberpunk,
  cyberhomes and cyberhate, but has been largely
  surpassed by e-

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• It is used in the computer or electronic context
  to denote control of the thing represented by the
  word it precedes- CYBERCRIME

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• The various forms of Cyber crime are
• 1.Internet auction fraud
• 2. Internet service provider fraud
• 3. Fraudulent web designing
• 4. Multilevel marketing fraud
• 5. Health care fraud
• 6. Mobile phone fraud

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Computer and Mobile network intrusion

• 1.Password Sniffer
• Programmes that monitors and record the name and
  password of network users as they log in
• 2. Spoofing
• One computer is electronically' looks like
  another computer to gain access

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• 3. Cyber fraud
• Stock manipulation, fraudulent business
  opportunities, web auctions, credit card fraud
• 4. Cyber stalking
• Sending harassing or threatening e mail or
  unwanted files and obscene messages or images

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• Cyber stalkers usually target women and children
  who are inexperience in online activities.
• Stalkers generally lose interest if they dont
  get the reactions they seek

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• Cyber terrorism
• Use of computers or mobile phones or programmes
  in attack against others. It is a form of Info
  war
• Computer sabotage
• Use of internet to hinder the normal functioning
  of a computer through the introduction of worms,
  viruses logic bombs etc

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• Mail Bombs
• Software that will instruct a computer to do
  almost anything so that it will send mails for
  the tracker
• Credit card fraud
• Hacking of credit card pin number to withdraw
  money
• Identity theft
• Theft of ones identity for criminal use

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• Phishing
• Introduction of Malicious codes into links
• Eg. Spoofed Bank web sites
• Pharming
• Programme that direct the user to another Mocked
  link

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How to escape

• Stay anonymous- choose a genderless name
• 2. Never give name or full address to strangers
• 3. Dont respond to harassing or negative
  messages
• 4. Avoid uncomfortable situation quickly

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• 5. Watch what you say- dont flirt online
• 6. Learn more about internet privacy
• 7. Dont give email ID to strangers
• 8. Frequently change your password and answer to
  the secret question
• 9. Dont disclose your password to any one, not
  even to your friends
• 10. Dont hesitate in filing a complaint with the
  police if there is any cyber fraud

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IT Act 2008

• Computer Related Offences
• If any person, dishonestly, or fraudulently, does
  any act referred to in section 43, he shall be
  punishable with imprisonment for a term which may
  extend to two three years or with fine which may
  extend to five lakh rupees or with both.

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IT Act Section 66 A

• Punishment for sending offensive messages through
  communication service, etc.
• any electronic mail or electronic mail message
  for the purpose of causing annoyance or
  inconvenience or to deceive or to mislead the
  addressee or recipient about the origin of such
  messages.

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IT Act Section 66 E

• Punishment for violation of privacy.
• Whoever, intentionally or knowingly captures,
  publishes or transmits the image of a private
  area of any person without his or her consent,
  under circumstances violating the privacy of that
  person, shall be punished with  imprisonment
  which may extend to three years or with fine not
  exceeding two lakh rupees, or with both

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IT Act Section 67

• Punishment for publishing or transmitting obscene
  material in electronic form
• Whoever publishes or transmits or causes to be
  published in the electronic form, any material
  which is lascivious or appeals to the prurient
  interest or if  its effect is such as to tend to
  deprave and corrupt persons.

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CELL PHONES

• Perry Long invented First Cell phone in 1940.
• The first fully automatic mobile phone system,
  called MTA (Mobile Telephone system A), was
  developed by Ericsson and commercially released
  in Sweden in 1956

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Mobile Phone

• The Global System for Mobile Communication
  (GSM) and the Code Division Multiple Access
  (CDMA) Systems are digital mobile phone services.

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• The system consist of a Base station antenna
  which communicates with the mobile phones through
  Radio Frequency (RF) transmission.

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• The mobile phone system is referred to as
  cellular telephone system because the coverage
  area is divided into cells each of which has a
  base station antenna.

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• Mobile phones use Electromagnetic radiation in
  the Microwave range around 2.5 GHz

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• When we talk on mobile phones, the transmitter
  takes the sound and encodes on to a continuous
  sine wave. The sine wave radiates out from the
  antenna and fluctuates evenly through space.

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Electromagnetic spectrum
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• Once the encoded sound has been placed on the
  sine wave, the transmitter sends the signal to
  the antenna which then sends the signal out.

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• The encoded signals are made up of
  electromagnetic radiations. These waves are
  picked up by the receiver in the base station
  tower. The base station antenna emits radiations
  continuously to make a link with the subscribers.
  

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Mobile tower and base station
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Mobile Evolution
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GSM CDMA Phones

• GSM (Global System for Mobile communications is
  the most popular standard for mobile phones in
  the world.
• Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is a channel
  access method utilized by various radio
  communication technologies.

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CDMA GSM Phones
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GPS Phone

• A GPS navigation device is any device that
  receives Global Positioning System (GPS) signals
  for the purpose of determining the present
  location. These devices are used in military,
  aviation, marine and consumer product
  applications.

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GPS Phone
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Smart Phone

• A smartphone is a mobile phone offering advanced
  capabilities, often with PC-like functionality.
• a smartphone is simply a phone with advanced
  features like e-mail, Internet and e-book reader
  capabilities

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Smart Phones
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SIM

• Subscriber Identification Module (SIM)
• The SIM is a detachable smart card containing the
  user's subscription information and phone book.

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• This allows the user to retain his or her
  information after switching handsets.
• Alternatively, the user can also change operators
  while retaining the handset simply by changing
  the SIM.

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SIM

• Securely stores the service subscriber key having
  15 digits
• First 3 digits Mobile country code
• Second 2 digits Mobile network code
• Third 10 digits Mobile station identification
  number

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EV DO

• EV-DO (Evolution-Data Optimized), often
  abbreviated as EV-DO or EV, is a
  telecommunications standard for the wireless
  transmission of data through radio signals,
  typically for broadband Internet access.

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Mobile Phone technology
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SIM CARD
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Mobile Phone Terminology

• URL Universal Resource Locator
• iPod intelligent Portable occular device
• MPEG Moving Picture Expert Group
• MP3 Moving Picture 3( Audio layer 3)
• Wi-Fi Brand name of Wi-Fi Alliance-WLAN
• Blue tooth Open wireless protocol

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• GPS Global Positioning System
• GPRS General Packet Radio Service - Blackberry
  system
• VoIP Phone Voice over Internet Protocol
• Most common type is Skype

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Symptoms of Mobile abuse

• Inability to concentrate on what you are doing
• 2. Mild or severe irritability or annoyance
• 3. Sensitivity to stupid ring tones
• 4. Initially thinking that the cell phone user is
  actually talking to you

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• 5. Wishing the user would finish the call
• 6. Wishing the user would leave the place
• 7. Wishing that the battery would die

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HEALTH HAZARDS

• Mobile phones uses electromagnetic radiation
  in the microwave range
• Part of the radio wave emitted by the mobile
  phone handset will be absorbed by the head
• The radiation from a standard GSM handset has
  a peak output power of 2watts

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Mobile Radiation
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SAR

• The rate at which human body absorbs radiation is
  known as Specific Absorption Rate
• Maximum level of SAR is set as 2 w/kg averaged
  over a volume of 1 gm tissue for the head

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THERMAL EFFECT

• Microwave causes dielectric heating
• Human tissue is rich in water and exhibit
  dielectric property( and ve ions)
• Living tissue heat up through the rotation of
  polar molecules such as water
• Friction causes heating of tissue

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Thermal effectThermographic images Before
and After 15 minutes of cell phone useRed and
yellow patches- Heated tissues
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• Head is in the near field of radiation, so
  that most of the heating effect occurs in the
  head
• Temperature in the internal ear, brain increases
  1 degree or more
• This adversely affect the functioning of these
  organs since these have fluid filled cavities

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Blood-Brain Barrier

• The blood vessels in the brain and the
  surrounding tissue forms the BBB that can easily
  dispose heat
• But prolonged heating effect can alter brain
  functions and hearing ability

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Blood brain barrier
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Thermal effects

• Burning sensation in the Scalp and Ear pinna
• Mood alteration and lack of concentration
• Lethargy and lack of sleep
• Whistling sound in the ear

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• Premature Cataract- Cornea of eye lacks blood
  supply and heat cannot be disposed
• Confusion and loss of memory since the microwaves
  interfere with the mood controlling brainwaves
• Alters sleep physiology and biological rhythm by
  changing the level of Dopamine, Serotonin hormones

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Human Eye
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Non Thermal Effects

• Increased cellular responses
• Leakage of Albumin from blood into the brain due
  to increased permeability of BBB

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Non thermal effects
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Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity

• Unspecific symptoms during and after the use of
  cell phone. Tingling sensation, fatigue,
  dizziness, loss of mental attention, reduction in
  reaction time, memory retentiveness, tachycardia
  etc.

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EM Radiation penetration into brainFig.1.5 year
old brain Fig.2. 10 year old brain Fig.3. Adult
brain
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Hearing impairments

• Heating effect in the fluid of internal ear
• Piercing sound from the speaker causes
  irritability in the ear drum and internal sensory
  cells of ear
• Human ear is highly sensitive to waves between
  1000 and 6000 Hz

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Human Ear
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Genotoxic effect

• Reduction in reproductive capacity
• DNA fragmentation
• Boosted rate of cell division

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Acoustic Neuroma

• Begnin brain tumor
• Meningioma
• Glioma
• One hour use of Mobile phone per day can increase
  the tumor risk after 10 years

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Acoustic Neuroma
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Sleep and EEG Effects

• Brain waves such as alpha beta ,delta waves will
  be affected when exposed to pulsed radiations

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Brain waves
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Microwave Auditory Effect

• Clicks and Buzzing sound in the head
• Microwave induces electric current in the hearing
  centre of the brain and causes Auditory illusion
• This may happen if music is heard using ear phone
  or Bluetooth for long time

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Internal hearing sensors
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• The human ear has a peak sensitivity of 3000 Hz,
  which causes a sense of unease. Alarms and Mobile
  ring tones are designed to sound at 3000 Hz. 
• The ear has a very low threshold of hearing for
  3000 Hz.  A sound of this frequency is very
  penetrating.

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After Call Symptoms

• Burning sensation in the ear pinna
• Irritation in the scalp
• Confusion
• Lethargy
• Auditory illusion

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Social Problems

• Mobile Phone in public places creates social
  problems also.
• In attention blindness
• Caller Hegemony
• Cognitive load
• Accidents
• e-waste

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Inattention blindness

• Cell phone use in social situations may result in
  overload.
• Local interaction and remote interaction demands
  certain attention
• Cell phone use in public places makes the user
  blind to local cues due to cognitive overload

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• Cell phone use in public places reduce the
  reaction time to events around the user
• Reduced attention to local situation may disturb
  others since the user is not attending the social
  situation
• Use of Mobile phones in gatherings, meetings,
  entertainment places etc disturb others through
  inattention blindness

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Caller Hegemony

• The alarming ring tone may demand higher
  attention to the phone rather than the local
  settings
• Caller Hegemony is the asymmetric relationship
  between the caller and answerer

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Cognitive load

• Mobile phone use in public places makes the
  user overloaded and become unaware of the details
  of communicative behavior of co- located
  individuals as well as other relevant features of
  the social situation

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Accidents

• Mobile phone use while driving may cause
  accidents due to inattention blindness and
  cognitive load
• Cell phone conversation distracts the drivers
  attention, increase reaction time, and reduce
  visual field attention
• Cognitive load raises above visual sensation and
  diverts attention

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• Reaction to and memory of visual inputs while
  driving will drastically reduce if the cognitive
  load increases.
• The same negative effects may also happens if the
  driver uses a hands free phone.

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e-waste
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Psychological problems

• NoMophobia ( No Mobile phobia 
• When we run out of credit or battery, lose of
  phone or are in an area with no reception, being
  phoneless can bring a panic symptom referred to
  as NoMo Phobia or No Mobile phobia

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• Ringxiety- Ringtone anxiety
• Term introduced by David Laramie California
• Ringxiety is the sensation and false belief that
  one can hear his or her mobile phone ringing or
  fell it vibrating.
• Humans are sensitive to auditory tones between
  1000 and 6000 Hz. The ring tone frequency falls
  with in this range

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Ringxiety
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Precautions

• Do not use mobile phone more than 15 minutes per
  day
• Do not allow others to click photos without your
  permission
• Do not reply to sms(short messaging service) and
  mms(multimedia messaging service)from strangers

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• Do not send obscene text or images though mms
• Do not give your numbers to strangers while
  chatting online
• Do not keep the Bluetooth open to all
• Do not give mobile to unauthorized service centre
  to avoid Cloning
• Use security pin code to avoid misuse

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• Use mobile phone only for communication
• Avoid using it in public places, hospitals,
  trains, buses etc for long time.

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• Do not hear mobile music for long time. It will
  create auditory illusion
• Remove irritant ringtones and replace it with
  soft standard ring tones
• Switch off mobile in silent zones.

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• Do not share your photos to strangers to avoid
  misuse such as Morphing
• Do not keep the mobile in bedside while sleeping.
  It will alter your sleep physiology
• Consider Mobile phones similar to your land
  phone. So that you will use it only for
  communication

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Chat Rooms

• Take extreme care during online chatting and
  browsing blogs and web pages like Orkut. Hackers
  are waiting for you
• Do not reply to anonymous messages and do not
  give mail ID or full address in such web pages
• Use a genderless login name
• Frequently change passwords

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Safety Measures

• Do not use mobile Phone while it is plugged in

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Safety Measures

• Do not use mobile phones when there is lightning

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Safety Measures

• Do not use Mobile phone near Petrol outlet

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Safety Measures

• Do not use Mobile phone near LPG gas cylinder

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Safety Measures

• Do not keep mobile phone close to body while
  sleeping
• Its radiation will alter your biorhythms and
  sleep physiology

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• Cell phone abuse is a world wide epidemic which
  is now affecting millions of men ,women and
  children especially teen age students

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• To the cell phone abusers we say ..
• Try a little cell phone courtesy. and do not
  burden others with your pseudo social behavior.

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• On behalf of the millions of us who suffer cell
  phone abuse everyday
• Thank you